Sensitivity analysis of the uncertainty of the heat-flux method for in-situ thermal conductance assessment in glazed façades

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dc.contributor.authorGazzin, Riccardo
dc.contributor.authorDe Michele, Giuseppe
dc.contributor.authorPernigotto, Giovanni
dc.contributor.authorGasparella, Andrea
dc.contributor.authorGaray Martínez, Roberto
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-05T11:25:32Z
dc.date.available2025-12-05T11:25:32Z
dc.date.issued2025-09-28
dc.date.updated2025-12-05T11:25:32Z
dc.description.abstractThe discrepancy between design-stage predictions and actual building energy performance, known as the “performance gap,” poses a barrier to achieving energy efficiency goals, especially in modern buildings with high-performance envelopes and complex façades. Characterization of façade elements, both on site and in laboratory facilities, can help ensure envelope quality and mitigate this gap. Although glazed envelopes are increasingly used in contemporary architecture, current regulations lack standardized procedures for experimental heat transfer assessment in buildings. This paper explores how existing standards for heat flux measurements in opaque envelopes could be adapted to transparent façades. A detailed uncertainty analysis is provided to define measurement conditions that ensure accurate conductance results. A sensitivity analysis—based on both analytical error propagation and Monte Carlo simulations—identifies minimum sensor precision, temperature gradients, and test durations needed for reliable in situ assessments. Results show that uncertainty is mainly driven by small temperature gradients and systematic sensor errors. Measurements taken over six hours with a minimum 5 K gradient yield acceptable uncertainty. The proposed framework supports the development of rigorous experimental protocols for assessing the conductance of transparent façade elements, accounting for real-world conditions and measurement limitations.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research has been funded by the European Union-Next Generation EU, Mission 4 Component 1 CUP I52B22000830005 and developed in the framework of the PhD Research Scholarship “Façade commissioning, from early design to end of life for a user centered and zero emission building”, funded in the framework of the DM 352/2022 (PNRR) and co-funded by EURAC Research. It has also been developed in the framework of the project “Development of tools and methods for assessment, monitoring and control of the performance of VENTILATED Façades” (FAIR: Project EFRE1035, CUP: D53C23003090005, Programme EFRE-FESR 2021-2027)en
dc.identifier.citationGazzin, R., De Michele, G., Pernigotto, G., Gasparella, A., & Garay-Martinez, R. (2025). Sensitivity analysis of the uncertainty of the heat-flux method for in-situ thermal conductance assessment in glazed façades. Buildings, 15(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/BUILDINGS15193504
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/BUILDINGS15193504
dc.identifier.eissn2075-5309
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14454/4538
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
dc.rights© 2025 by the authors
dc.subject.otherBuilding envelope
dc.subject.otherGlazed façades
dc.subject.otherIn situ measurement
dc.subject.otherSensitivity analysis
dc.subject.otherThermal conductance
dc.subject.otherUncertainty analysis
dc.titleSensitivity analysis of the uncertainty of the heat-flux method for in-situ thermal conductance assessment in glazed façadesen
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.accessRightsopen access
oaire.citation.issue19
oaire.citation.titleBuildings
oaire.citation.volume15
oaire.licenseConditionhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
oaire.versionVoR
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