DeustoTeka
DeustoTeka recoge la producción científica del personal docente e investigador de la Universidad de Deusto. Su propósito es reunir, archivar, preservar y aumentar la visibilidad en acceso abierto de los resultados de investigación.
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Optimization and machine learning applied to last-mile logistics: a review
(MDPI, 2022-04-28) Giuffrida, Nadia
; Fajardo Calderín, Jenny; Masegosa Arredondo, Antonio David; Werner, Frank
; Steudter, Margarete
; Pilla, Francesco
The growth in e-commerce that our society has faced in recent years is changing the view companies have on last-mile logistics, due to its increasing impact on the whole supply chain. New technologies are raising users’ expectations with the need to develop customized delivery experiences; moreover, increasing pressure on supply chains has also created additional challenges for suppliers. At the same time, this phenomenon generates an increase in the impact on the liveability of our cities, due to traffic congestion, the occupation of public spaces, and the environmental and acoustic pollution linked to urban logistics. In this context, the optimization of last-mile deliveries is an imperative not only for companies with parcels that need to be delivered in the urban areas, but also for public administrations that want to guarantee a good quality of life for citizens. In recent years, many scholars have focused on the study of logistics optimization techniques and, in particular, the last mile. In addition to traditional optimization techniques, linked to the disciplines of operations research, the recent advances in the use of sensors and IoT, and the consequent large amount of data that derives from it, are pushing towards a greater use of big data and analytics techniques—such as machine learning and artificial intelligence—which are also in this sector. Based on this premise, the aim of this work is to provide an overview of the most recent literature advances related to last-mile delivery optimization techniques; this is to be used as a baseline for scholars who intend to explore new approaches and techniques in the study of last-mile logistics optimization. A bibliometric analysis and a critical review were conducted in order to highlight the main studied problems, the algorithms used, and the case studies. The results from the analysis allow the studies to be clustered into traditional optimization models, machine learning approaches, and mixed methods. The main research gaps and limitations of the current literature are assessed in order to identify unaddressed challenges and provide research suggestions for future approaches.
Study of forming defects and failure occurrence in the radial-axial rolling of super duplex stainless steel rings
(Association of American Publishers, 2023) Murillo Marrodán, Alberto
; García Gil, Eduardo
; Fernández de Gamboa Andrío, Unai; Conde Fernández, Aintzane; Lozares Abasolo, Jokin
Welding neck flanges are commonly manufactured by radial-axial ring rolling (RARR). The service conditions of these elements are very demanding (mechanical loads and corrosive environments). For this reason, materials such as super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) are used, which could present workability problems under certain process conditions. In this work, a study of forming defects and failure occurrence in the RARR of SDSS flanges has been proposed. Firstly, a finite element model of the industrial RARR process was developed and validated. Then, a multivariate factorial analysis based on a virtual design of experiments was performed to identify the determinant parameters of the process. The diameter of the mandrel was identified as the most determinant parameter. An increase in diameter reduces the probability of developing underfilling defects and the development of cracks in the flange neck. The mandrel radial speed has no significant effect on the cracking of underfill defects while reducing the rotational speed of the king-roll could improve the uniformity of the deformation distribution in the flange section.
Sustainability orientation and firm growth as ventures mature
(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2023-04-08) Chistov, Valery
; Aramburu Goya, Nekane
; Fabra Florit, María Eugenia; Peña Legazkue, Iñaki
; Weritz, Pauline
This article revisits the dilemma between sustainability orientation and a firm's growth along the stages of the entrepreneurial process. We draw upon the recent research on sustainable entrepreneurship to determine whether entrepreneurial ventures can pursue sustainability objectives and still grow in terms of turnover and employment. Based on the data of 2 370 firms, we conclude that the relationship between sustainability orientation and a venture's growth is not straightforward. The results show that the stage of the entrepreneurship life cycle matters and that only the introduction of sustainability objectives in the mature stage of the entrepreneurial process (rather than during the early stage) significantly increases the likelihood of such ventures growing. We also find empirical evidence against combining environmental and social dimensions under one umbrella of sustainability, as each of these dimensions demonstrated distinctive behavior in our models. While our results show the importance of innovation for the firm's growth, it is not evident that it exerts any significant moderation effect on the relationship between sustainability orientation and a venture's growth. These findings provide insightful evidence for policymakers about the intrinsic difficulty of reconciling sustainability and economic objectives at the early stages of the process of entrepreneurship and also about the need to differentiate the multiple meanings and forms of sustainability orientation.
Progranulin deficiency induces mitochondrial dysfunction in frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions
(MDPI, 2023-02-25) Rodriguez-Perinan, Guiomar; Encarnación, Ana de la; Moreno, Fermín; López de Munain Arregui, Adolfo
; Martínez, Ana; Martín Requero, Ángeles; Alquézar, Carolina; Bartolomé, Fernando
Loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in GRN gene, which encodes progranulin (PGRN), cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions (FTLD-TDP). FTLD-TDP is one of the most common forms of early onset dementia, but its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, we have investigated whether mitochondrial alterations could also contribute to the pathogenesis of PGRN deficiency-associated FTLD-TDP. Our results showed that PGRN deficiency induced mitochondrial depolarization, increased ROS production and lowered ATP levels in GRN KD SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Interestingly, lymphoblasts from FTLD-TDP patients carrying a LOF mutation in the GRN gene (c.709-1G > A) also demonstrated mitochondrial depolarization and lower ATP levels. Such mitochondrial damage increased mitochondrial fission to remove dysfunctional mitochondria by mitophagy. Interestingly, PGRN-deficient cells showed elevated mitochondrial mass together with autophagy dysfunction, implying that PGRN deficiency induced the accumulation of damaged mitochondria by blocking its degradation in the lysosomes. Importantly, the treatment with two brain-penetrant CK-1δ inhibitors (IGS-2.7 and IGS-3.27), known for preventing the phosphorylation and cytosolic accumulation of TDP-43, rescued mitochondrial function in PGRN-deficient cells. Taken together, these results suggest that mitochondrial function is impaired in FTLD-TDP associated with LOF GRN mutations and that the TDP-43 pathology linked to PGRN deficiency might be a key mechanism contributing to such mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, our results point to the use of drugs targeting TDP-43 pathology as a promising therapeutic strategy for restoring mitochondrial function in FTLD-TDP and other TDP-43-related diseases.
Blockchain application in P2P energy markets: social and legal aspects
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022-03-08) Borges Hernández, Cruz E.
; Kapassa, Evgenia
; Touloupou, Marios
; Legarda Macon, Jon
; Casado Mansilla, Diego
Flexible and distributed energy markets are a reality that is progressively reaching many regions. Despite their clear benefits, they should be accepted by the prosumers. Additionally, blockchain technology and smart contracts have been characterised as a technological enabler for the energy sector and P2P Energy Markets (PEM). However, little research has been done to explore blockchain's user-centred perspective. Therefore, this paper analyses the reluctance and/or concerns of prosumers regarding smart contracts, and investigates their perception on blockchain within PEMs. The authors present the results of a survey conducted across several European countries addressing the implementation of automated trading systems and analysing the adoption of smart contracts. Considering that the main survey outcomes are related to the regulation and legislation uncertainty around blockchain usage, this paper explores also the fit of smart contracts from a legal perspective. Additionally, a set of recommendations to be used as the basis for the design and development of PEMs is delivered, aiming to adopt blockchain and smart contracts. As a key take-away, the authors confirm the crucial role that blockchain will play in the deployment of fair, secure, flexible and distributed energy markets by ensuring transparency in the exchange of information between prosumers and energy stakeholders.