DeustoTeka
DeustoTeka recoge la producción científica del personal docente e investigador de la Universidad de Deusto. Su propósito es reunir, archivar, preservar y aumentar la visibilidad en acceso abierto de los resultados de investigación.
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A new step in cluster policy evaluation in the Basque Country
(Orkestra-Instituto Vasco de Competitividad, 2009) Aragón Amonarriz, Cristina; Aranguren, Mari Jose
; Iturrioz Landart, Cristina; Larrea Aranguren, Miren; Olarte Marín, Francisco José
Evaluation is considered nowadays one of the key issues in cluster literature (Sölvell, 2008). The article develops a new approach to the evaluation of the cluster policy in the Basque Country. This way it contributes to the literature on evaluation with a new experience of definition of control groups and to literature on clusters with two case studies based on the Basque experience. At the beginning of the nineties the Basque Government implemented a cluster policy based on the analysis by Porter (1990). There are nowadays eleven cluster associations supported by such policy and their evaluation has become a key issue to determine the extent to which this policy is being efficient and how it should evolve in the future. The article summarizes various evaluation processes developed up to now using different theoretical approaches. One of the main weaknesses detected is the absence of comparative studies of supported and non supported firms. Consequently, an empirical study is developed to overcome this gap. After a critical analysis of the conclusions, the authors propose participatory evaluation as the next step in order to improve the evaluation process.
Academia and public policy: towards the co-generation of knowledge and learning processes
(Orkestra-Instituto Vasco de Competitividad, 2009) Aranguren, Mari Jose
; Larrea Aranguren, Miren; Wilson, James Ralph
Building from the context of ongoing debates around the changing roles of universities in society, this paper contributes to analysis of academia-society interface in two important respects. First, the paper considers the underresearched subset of relations that exist between academia and public policy. It is argued that academia-policy relations bear similarities to academia-market relations; like imperfect markets, policy environments tend to be characterised by concentrations of power. Thus similar concerns to those evident in debates around the commercialisation of university activity are relevant. Second, the paper explores the issue of balance in the role of the academic with regards public policy though an auto-reflective case analysis of an emerging experience in the Basque Country region of Spain. An aim is to reflect on the very fine (and frequently controversial) line between policyoriented academic research and policy consultancy. The analysis highlights some of the benefits and issues with integrating action research principles into research projects, and suggests the significance of co-generation of knowledge and learning processes between academics and policy-makers. In turn this has specific implications for the time-horizon of relationships (long- rather than short-term) and for doctoral training (in research methodologies appropriate for such processes).
¿Existen incentivos a emprender en sectores tecnológicos?: un análisis sistémico e individual de la creación y rendimiento de nuevas empresas de base tecnológica
(Orkestra-Instituto Vasco de Competitividad, 2009) Vendrell Herrero, Ferrán; González Pernía, José Luis; Peña Legazkue, Iñaki
Son escasos los estudios que han analizado la conexión entre el comportamiento individual del emprendedor y el valor social de la actividad emprendedora. El presente trabajo contribuye modestamente a la disciplina de la creación de empresas arrojando un poco de luz al papel que desempeña la figura del emprendedor en la composición de la demografía empresarial de una región. Se encuentra una relación U-inversa entre el porcentaje de empresas innovadoras y el crecimiento económico regional. Este resultado sugiere la existencia de un porcentaje óptimo de empresas innovadoras. Además se analiza la decisión de un individuo de emprender en sectores tecnológicos o en sectores tradicionales de menor valor añadido. Los resultados obtenidos del análisis de una muestra de cerca de 20.000 empresas de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco (CAPV) -región con un porcentaje de empresas innovadoras sub-óptimo- muestran que los emprendedores que operan en sectores de alta tecnología obtienen un suprabeneficio (en términos financieros, económicos y demográficos) en comparación a los emprendedores que operan en otros sectores de menor componente tecnológico. Por lo tanto los resultados sugieren que, en término medio y en la situación donde el porcentaje de empresas innovadoras es sub-óptima, existe una alineación de los beneficios públicos y privados.
The economic analysis of University Technology Transfer Offices: a theoretical review and empirical implications
(Orkestra-Instituto Vasco de Competitividad, 2009) Vendrell Herrero, Ferrán; Ortín Angel, Pedro
The Triple Helix model postulates that the university research commercialization is an important driver of the regional competitiveness. In this regard, the role of university Technological Transfer Offices (TTOs) is receiving a growing interest by university management and academics. This paper aims to facilitate the communication among both communities by reviewing the contributions made up to now by economists and by analyzing the implications for those running universities and TTOs. For that purpose, we develop a general, simple benchmark that permits analysis of the different contributions made by the economic literature to understanding the TTO’s role. In this sense, we focus on the existence of the TTO, the incentives that scientists require in order to develop embryonic projects, the decision of whether to license or spin-off and the development problems of spin-offs. The main contributions of the existing literature are summarized in several empirical implications, and for each implication the empirical evidence available nowadays is described. Finally, the paper outlines future streams for theoretical and empirical research and general implications for university and TTO management.
Health-related quality of life and eating disorders: a review and update
(2009-02-05) Engel, Scott; Adair, Carol E.; Las Hayas Rodríguez, Carlota; Abraham, Suzanne
The aim of this article is to provide a narrative review of empirical studies related to health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and eating disorders and to report recent changes in the measurement of HRQOL in eating disorders. Twenty-five articles of central importance to the topic were identified in a systematic search of six databases. All articles were selected based on a consensus relevancy rating process. Key themes were extracted from the articles and validated by all authors. We identify six themes in the extant empirical literature. We discuss these six themes and review them in light of the fact that they are identified in studies using only generic measures of HRQOL. Four recently developed disease-specific HRQOL measures specific to patients with eating disorder are discussed.