De la infancia a la adolescencia cambios en los determinantes del desplazamiento activo escolar y diario en Euskadi
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2026-07-01
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Universidade da Coruña, Servizo de Publicacións
CAMPUS EDUCA SPORTIS
CAMPUS EDUCA SPORTIS
Resumen
El desplazamiento activo constituye una oportunidad relevante para integrar actividad física en la vida cotidiana del alumnado; sin embargo, la evidencia disponible suele analizar sus determinantes considerando rangos de edad amplios y sin diferenciar entre distintos dominios de movilidad. El objetivo fue examinar si los determinantes sociodemográficos, socioeconómicos y territoriales del desplazamiento activo difieren entre infancia y adolescencia, y si estas asociaciones varían entre el desplazamiento activo al centro educativo y el desplazamiento activo diario. Se realizó un estudio transversal en una muestra de 1.032 escolares de 6 a 18 años de Euskadi. Se analizaron por separado dos desenlaces dicotómicos (activo/pasivo): desplazamiento activo al centro educativo y desplazamiento activo diario. Los análisis se estratificaron por etapa educativa (infancia: 6–11 años; adolescencia: 12–18 años) y se ajustaron modelos de regresión logística por sexo, índice de privación socioeconómica (MEDEA), provincia, entorno urbano, tipo de centro y práctica de deporte organizado. En la infancia, el desplazamiento activo se asoció principalmente con factores territoriales y contextuales, reflejando la influencia del entorno físico y de las condiciones locales de movilidad, con una influencia limitada de la privación socioeconómica. En la adolescencia se observó un gradiente socioeconómico consistente, especialmente en el desplazamiento activo diario, con mayores probabilidades de desplazamiento activo en niveles de privación intermedia y media-baja en comparación con el nivel más alto. Los patrones de asociación difirieron entre los dominios de desplazamiento analizados. En conclusión, los determinantes del desplazamiento activo varían según la etapa educativa y el dominio de movilidad, lo que respalda la necesidad de intervenciones específicas por etapa e incorpora una perspectiva de equidad especialmente relevante en la adolescencia.
Active commuting represents a relevant opportunity to integrate physical activity into the daily lives of schoolchildren; however, available evidence has commonly examined its determinants using broad age ranges and without distinguishing between different mobility domains. The aim of this study was to examine whether sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and territorial determinants of active commuting differ between childhood and adolescence, and whether these associations vary between active commuting to school and daily active commuting. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 1,032 schoolchildren aged 6 to 18 years from the Basque Country. Two dichotomous outcomes (active/passive) were analysed separately: active commuting to school and daily active commuting. Analyses were stratified by educational stage (childhood: 6–11 years; adolescence: 12–18 years), and multivariable logistic regression models were adjusted for sex, socioeconomic deprivation index (MEDEA), province, urban environment, type of school, and participation in organised sport. In childhood, active commuting was mainly associated with territorial and contextual factors, reflecting the influence of the physical environment and local mobility conditions, with a limited influence of socioeconomic deprivation. In adolescence, a consistent socioeconomic gradient was observed, particularly for daily active commuting, with higher odds of active commuting among individuals living in areas with intermediate and medium–low socioeconomic deprivation compared with those from the most advantaged areas. Patterns of association differed between commuting domains. In conclusion, determinants of active commuting vary according to educational stage and mobility domain, supporting the need for stage-specific interventions and highlighting the importance of incorporating an equity perspective, particularly during adolescence.
Active commuting represents a relevant opportunity to integrate physical activity into the daily lives of schoolchildren; however, available evidence has commonly examined its determinants using broad age ranges and without distinguishing between different mobility domains. The aim of this study was to examine whether sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and territorial determinants of active commuting differ between childhood and adolescence, and whether these associations vary between active commuting to school and daily active commuting. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 1,032 schoolchildren aged 6 to 18 years from the Basque Country. Two dichotomous outcomes (active/passive) were analysed separately: active commuting to school and daily active commuting. Analyses were stratified by educational stage (childhood: 6–11 years; adolescence: 12–18 years), and multivariable logistic regression models were adjusted for sex, socioeconomic deprivation index (MEDEA), province, urban environment, type of school, and participation in organised sport. In childhood, active commuting was mainly associated with territorial and contextual factors, reflecting the influence of the physical environment and local mobility conditions, with a limited influence of socioeconomic deprivation. In adolescence, a consistent socioeconomic gradient was observed, particularly for daily active commuting, with higher odds of active commuting among individuals living in areas with intermediate and medium–low socioeconomic deprivation compared with those from the most advantaged areas. Patterns of association differed between commuting domains. In conclusion, determinants of active commuting vary according to educational stage and mobility domain, supporting the need for stage-specific interventions and highlighting the importance of incorporating an equity perspective, particularly during adolescence.
Palabras clave
Movilidad activa
Transporte escolar
Infancia
Adolescencia
Entorno urbano
Desigualdades socioeconómicas
Active mobility
School travel
Childhood
Adolescence
Urban environment
Socioeconomic inequalities
Transporte escolar
Infancia
Adolescencia
Entorno urbano
Desigualdades socioeconómicas
Active mobility
School travel
Childhood
Adolescence
Urban environment
Socioeconomic inequalities
Descripción
Materias
Cita
Mateos Marañón, X., Larrinaga Undabarrena, A., Albisua Kaperotxipi, N., Sánchez Isla, J. R., & Río de Frutos, X. (2026). De la infancia a la adolescencia: cambios en los determinantes del desplazamiento activo escolar y diario en Euskadi. Sportis: Revista Técnico-Científica del Deporte Escolar, Educación Física y Psicomotricidad, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.55040/BRARQ384