Design and measurement properties of the online gambling disorder questionnaire (OGD-Q) in Spanish adolescents

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dc.contributor.authorGonzález Cabrera, Joaquín
dc.contributor.authorMachimbarrena Garagorri, Juan Manuel
dc.contributor.authorBeranuy Fargues, Marta
dc.contributor.authorPérez Rodríguez, Priscila
dc.contributor.authorFernández González, Liria
dc.contributor.authorCalvete Zumalde, Esther
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-21T11:01:19Z
dc.date.available2025-08-21T11:01:19Z
dc.date.issued2020-01-02
dc.date.updated2025-08-21T11:01:19Z
dc.description.abstractGambling disorder is of great clinical and social relevance since it seriously affects people who suffer from it. More recently, the Internet has exacerbated the problem with online casinos, poker, and sports betting. However, there is little evidence of this problem, and we know of no diagnostic questionnaire. The main objectives of this study were to develop the Online Gambling Disorder Questionnaire (OGD-Q) for adolescents, evaluate its main psychometric properties, and establish diagnostic criteria to differentiate pathological from non-pathological online gamblers. We conducted a study in 16 schools across seven regions of Spain, sampling 2691 adolescents, 883 of whom had reported some online gambling experience. Of those, 602 were boys (68.2%) and 281 were girls (31.8%) Sampling was non-probabilistic and incidental. Mean age and standard deviation were 14.25 ± 1.55 (11–19 years). Confirmatory factor analysis yielded a one-dimensional model with a good fit. The reliability indicators were satisfactory (>0.94). The scores on the OGD-Q were related to other constructs, such as Internet gaming disorder, problematic Internet use, and nomophobia. Participants classified as having problems or being at risk of online gambling disorder presented significantly more stress, anxiety, and depression. Participants categorized as having online gambling disorder comprised 0.89% (n = 24) of the total sample and 2.71% of those who have gambled at some time. We discuss these findings and their practical implications in this article and propose future lines of research.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, RTI2018-094212-B-I00: (CIBER-AACC), and by the International University of la Rioja, Project “Cyberpsychology (Trienio 2017-20)”. It was also funded by the Basque Government (Ref. IT982-16)en
dc.identifier.citationGonzález-Cabrera, J., Machimbarrena, J. M., Beranuy, M., Pérez-Rodríguez, P., Fernández-González, L., & Calvete, E. (2020). Design and measurement properties of the online gambling disorder questionnaire (OGD-Q) in Spanish adolescents. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/JCM9010120
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/JCM9010120
dc.identifier.eissn2077-0383
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14454/3401
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rights© 2020 by the authors
dc.subject.otherOnline gambling disorder
dc.subject.otherPathological online gambling
dc.subject.otherInternet
dc.subject.otherAdolescents
dc.subject.otherQuestionnaire
dc.subject.otherValidation
dc.titleDesign and measurement properties of the online gambling disorder questionnaire (OGD-Q) in Spanish adolescentsen
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.accessRightsopen access
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Clinical Medicine
oaire.citation.volume9
oaire.licenseConditionhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
oaire.versionVoR
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