Bidirectional associations between cyberbullying victimization, non-suicidal self-injury, and depressive symptoms in adolescents

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dc.contributor.authorCalvete Zumalde, Esther
dc.contributor.authorAyala Mieres, Amaya
dc.contributor.authorJiménez Granado, Aitor
dc.contributor.authorOrue Sola, Izaskun
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-26T11:51:29Z
dc.date.available2026-01-26T11:51:29Z
dc.date.issued2026-01-01
dc.date.updated2026-01-26T11:51:29Z
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: This study aimed to examine the reciprocal longitudinal relationships between cyberbullying victimization, depressive symptoms, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) during adolescence—a developmental period marked by notable increases in both depressive symptoms and NSSI behaviors. Additionally, gender differences in these associations were explored. Methods: A total of 909 Spanish adolescents (Mage = 14.64, SD = 1.62; 51.8% boys, 48.2% girls) completed measures of NSSI, cyberbullying victimization, and depressive symptoms across three waves at 3-month intervals, beginning in Autumn 2021. Results: A random-intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) provided mixed evidence for the hypothesized reciprocal associations. Within-person increases in cyberbullying victimization predicted subsequent increases in depressive symptoms. In turn, elevations in depressive symptoms predicted increases in both NSSI and cyberbullying victimization. However, within-person increases in NSSI did not predict subsequent changes in the other variables. At the between-person level, NSSI and depressive symptoms were strongly associated, particularly among girls. Additionally, the pathway from depressive symptoms to cyberbullying victimization was stronger in boys than in girls. Conclusions: These findings underscore the complex interplay between cyberbullying victimization, depression, and NSSI during adolescence. While cyberbullying victimization and depressive symptoms showed reciprocal associations, NSSI did not predict future changes in depression or victimization. Results also suggest that depressive symptoms may contribute to increased cybervictimization, particularly among adolescent boys.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by a grant from Basque Country (Ref. IT1532‐22) and from the Spanish Government (PROEMO—RED2022‐134247‐T)en
dc.identifier.citationCalvete, E., Ayala, A., Jiménez-Granado, A., & Orue, I. (2026). Bidirectional associations between cyberbullying victimization, non-suicidal self-Injury, and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 98(1), 119-130. https://doi.org/10.1002/JAD.70045
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/JAD.70045
dc.identifier.eissn1095-9254
dc.identifier.issn0140-1971
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14454/4874
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherJohn Wiley and Sons Inc
dc.rights© 2025 The Author(s)
dc.subject.otherAdolescents
dc.subject.otherCyberbullying victimization
dc.subject.otherDepression
dc.subject.otherGender
dc.subject.otherNon-suicidal self-injury
dc.titleBidirectional associations between cyberbullying victimization, non-suicidal self-injury, and depressive symptoms in adolescentsen
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.accessRightsopen access
oaire.citation.endPage130
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.startPage119
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Adolescence
oaire.citation.volume98
oaire.licenseConditionhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
oaire.versionVoR
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