Consensus parameter: research methodologies to evaluate neurodevelopmental effects of pubertal suppression in transgender youth

dc.contributor.authorChen, Diane
dc.contributor.authorStrang, John F.
dc.contributor.authorKolbuck, Victoria D.
dc.contributor.authorRosenthal, Stephen M.
dc.contributor.authorWallen, Kim
dc.contributor.authorWaber, Deborah P.
dc.contributor.authorSteinberg, Laurence
dc.contributor.authorSisk, Cheryl L.
dc.contributor.authorRoss, Judith
dc.contributor.authorPaus, Tomas
dc.contributor.authorMueller, Sven C.
dc.contributor.authorMccarthy, Margaret M.
dc.contributor.authorMicevych, Paul E.
dc.contributor.authorMartin, Carol L.
dc.contributor.authorKreukels, Baudewijntje P.C.
dc.contributor.authorKenworthy, Lauren
dc.contributor.authorHerting, Megan M.
dc.contributor.authorHerlitz, Agneta
dc.contributor.authorHaraldsen, Ira R.J. Hebold
dc.contributor.authorDahl, Ronald
dc.contributor.authorCrone, Eveline A.
dc.contributor.authorChelune, Gordon J.
dc.contributor.authorBurke, Sarah M.
dc.contributor.authorBerenbaum, Sheri A.
dc.contributor.authorBeltz, Adriene M.
dc.contributor.authorBakker, Julie
dc.contributor.authorEliot, Lise
dc.contributor.authorVilain, Eric
dc.contributor.authorWallace, Gregory L.
dc.contributor.authorNelson, Eric E.
dc.contributor.authorGarofalo, Robert
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-04T13:48:23Z
dc.date.available2025-11-04T13:48:23Z
dc.date.issued2020-12-11
dc.date.updated2025-11-04T13:48:23Z
dc.description.abstractPurpose: Pubertal suppression is standard of care for early pubertal transgender youth to prevent the development of undesired and distressing secondary sex characteristics incongruent with gender identity. Preliminary evidence suggests pubertal suppression improves mental health functioning. Given the widespread changes in brain and cognition that occur during puberty, a critical question is whether this treatment impacts neurodevelopment. Methods: A Delphi consensus procedure engaged 24 international experts in neurodevelopment, gender development, puberty/adolescence, neuroendocrinology, and statistics/psychometrics to identify priority research methodologies to address the empirical question: is pubertal suppression treatment associated with real-world neurocognitive sequelae? Recommended study approaches reaching 80% consensus were included in the consensus parameter. Results: The Delphi procedure identified 160 initial expert recommendations, 44 of which ultimately achieved consensus. Consensus study design elements include the following: a minimum of three measurement time points, pubertal staging at baseline, statistical modeling of sex in analyses, use of analytic approaches that account for heterogeneity, and use of multiple comparison groups to minimize the limitations of any one group. Consensus study comparison groups include untreated transgender youth matched on pubertal stage, cisgender (i.e., gender congruent) youth matched on pubertal stage, and an independent sample from a large-scale youth development database. The consensus domains for assessment includes: mental health, executive function/cognitive control, and social awareness/functioning. Conclusion: An international interdisciplinary team of experts achieved consensus around primary methods and domains for assessing neurodevelopmental effects (i.e., benefits and/or difficulties) of pubertal suppression treatment in transgender youth.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by a grant from the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago Foundation funded by a grateful family that has chosen to remain anonymousen
dc.identifier.citationChen, D., Strang, J. F., Kolbuck, V. D., Rosenthal, S. M., Wallen, K., Waber, D. P., Steinberg, L., Sisk, C. L., Ross, J., Paus, T., Mueller, S. C., Mccarthy, M. M., Micevych, P. E., Martin, C. L., Kreukels, B. P. C., Kenworthy, L., Herting, M. M., Herlitz, A., Haraldsen, I. R. J. H., et al. (2020). Consensus parameter: research methodologies to evaluate neurodevelopmental effects of pubertal suppression in transgender youth. Transgender Health, 5(4), 246-257. https://doi.org/10.1089/TRGH.2020.0006
dc.identifier.doi10.1089/TRGH.2020.0006
dc.identifier.eissn2380-193X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14454/4266
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherMary Ann Liebert Inc.
dc.rights© Diane Chen et al. 2020: Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
dc.subject.otherAdolescents
dc.subject.otherDelphi
dc.subject.otherExpert consensus
dc.subject.otherGnRHa
dc.subject.otherPuberty blockers
dc.subject.otherTransgender
dc.titleConsensus parameter: research methodologies to evaluate neurodevelopmental effects of pubertal suppression in transgender youthen
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.accessRightsopen access
oaire.citation.endPage257
oaire.citation.issue4
oaire.citation.startPage246
oaire.citation.titleTransgender Health
oaire.citation.volume5
oaire.licenseConditionhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
oaire.versionVoR
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