El papel de los estereotipos en las formas de la desigualdad compleja: algunos apuntes desde la teoría feminista del derecho antidiscriminatorio
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2022-07-04
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Universidad Nacional del Sur
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Este artículo plantea una revisión crítica de la literatura existente sobre estereotipos, sobre todo en el ámbito del derecho antidiscriminatorio. Tras ilustrar los dos enfoques más habituales, el denominado peyorativo y el cognitivo neutro, evalúa algunos de sus límites para afrontar el fenómeno de la desigualdad estructural. En concreto, se argumentará que los estereotipos como mecanismos cognitivos no tienen como objetivo la obtención de información y que su función no es neutra. Se propone mover el foco hacia el funcionamiento de los estereotipos, con el fin de identificar los mecanismos que los caracterizan. Desde la perspectiva de la crítica feminista del derecho antidiscriminatorio, se argumenta que la función de los estereotipos es justificar las jerarquías de poder, y se analiza su funcionamiento a través de tres elementos clave que definen al patriarcado como sistema de poder: serialización, heterodesignación y finalmente interseccionalidad. A tal fin, se hará referencia no solo a los enfoques doctrinarios, sino también a la jurisprudencia de las dos Cortes europeas (TEDH y TJUE/TJCE).
This article presents a critical review of the existing literature on stereotypes, especially in the field of anti-discrimination law. After illustrating the two most common approaches, the so-called pejorative and the neutral-cognitive, it assesses some of their limits to deal with the phenomenon of structural inequality. Specifically, it will be argued that stereotypes as cognitive mechanisms are not aimed at obtaining information and their function is not neutral. A proposal is made to move the focus on the functioning of stereotypes, in order to identify the mechanisms that characterize them. From the perspective of the feminist critique of anti-discrimination law, it is proposed that stereotypes serve to justify power hierarchies and their operation is assessed through three key elements that define patriarchy as a power system: serialization, heterodesignation and finally intersectionality. To this end, reference will be made to the doctrinal approaches as well as to the case law from the two European Courts (ECtHR and CJEU).
This article presents a critical review of the existing literature on stereotypes, especially in the field of anti-discrimination law. After illustrating the two most common approaches, the so-called pejorative and the neutral-cognitive, it assesses some of their limits to deal with the phenomenon of structural inequality. Specifically, it will be argued that stereotypes as cognitive mechanisms are not aimed at obtaining information and their function is not neutral. A proposal is made to move the focus on the functioning of stereotypes, in order to identify the mechanisms that characterize them. From the perspective of the feminist critique of anti-discrimination law, it is proposed that stereotypes serve to justify power hierarchies and their operation is assessed through three key elements that define patriarchy as a power system: serialization, heterodesignation and finally intersectionality. To this end, reference will be made to the doctrinal approaches as well as to the case law from the two European Courts (ECtHR and CJEU).
Palabras clave
Estereotipos
Serialización
Heterodesignación
Interseccionalidad
Stereotypes
Serialization
Heterodesignation
Intersectionality
Serialización
Heterodesignación
Interseccionalidad
Stereotypes
Serialization
Heterodesignation
Intersectionality
Descripción
Materias
Cita
Ghidoni, E., & Morondo Taramundi, D. (2022). El papel de los estereotipos en las formas de la desigualdad compleja: algunos apuntes desde la teoría feminista del derecho antidiscriminatorio. Discusiones, 28(1), 37-70. https://doi.org/10.52292/J.DSC.2022.2325