Stress levels and hormonal coupling and their relationship with sports performance in an elite women’s volleyball team

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dc.contributor.authorOrtega, Álvaro Miguel
dc.contributor.authorFernández de Landa, Julen
dc.contributor.authorCalleja González, Julio
dc.contributor.authorMielgo Ayuso, Juan
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-24T11:23:04Z
dc.date.available2025-07-24T11:23:04Z
dc.date.issued2023-10-10
dc.date.updated2025-07-24T11:23:04Z
dc.description.abstractThe testosterone–cortisol ratio is a concept in human biology that refers to the balance between testosterone, the main anabolic steroid, and cortisol, another steroid hormone. The two hormones are said to be habitually positively “coupled”. Increases or decreases in testosterone tend to be associated with corresponding increases or decreases in cortisol, and vice versa. The present study explored hormone coupling and its relationship to stress levels in the sport performances of an elite women’s volleyball team. (1) Aim: to assess the testosterone–cortisol concentration dynamic over 16 weeks and its link to sport performance in elite female volleyball players (height: 1.8 ± 0.1 m; 24.2 ± 2.7 years; playing experience 15 ± 2.8 years; years played at elite level 4.2 ± 2.2; testosterone–cortisol index time 1: 3.9 vs. time 2: 4.3) (n = 11). (2) Methods: blood samples (hormones among other biochemical parameters) and sports performance measurements (aerobic and anaerobic power among other tests) were taken from members of an elite women’s volleyball team over 16 weeks of competition. (3) Results: female volleyball players showed patterns of hormonal change and adaptation to stress. (4) Conclusions: the current investigation demonstrated that elite female volleyball players have higher basal levels of testosterone and cortisol than normal healthy women. The impact of training and competition is clearly reflected in the levels of T. Cortisol levels increase at the beginning of training and remain elevated throughout the season, but without significant changes.en
dc.identifier.citationMiguel-Ortega, Á., Fernández-Landa, J., Calleja-González, J., & Mielgo-Ayuso, J. (2023). Stress levels and hormonal coupling and their relationship with sports performance in an elite women’s volleyball team. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 13(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/APP132011126
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/APP132011126
dc.identifier.eissn2076-3417
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14454/3287
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
dc.rights© 2023 by the authors
dc.subject.otherCortisol
dc.subject.otherPerformance
dc.subject.otherStress
dc.subject.otherTestosterone
dc.subject.otherVolleyball
dc.subject.otherWomen
dc.titleStress levels and hormonal coupling and their relationship with sports performance in an elite women’s volleyball teamen
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.accessRightsopen access
oaire.citation.issue20
oaire.citation.titleApplied Sciences (Switzerland)
oaire.citation.volume13
oaire.licenseConditionhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
oaire.versionVoR
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