Detection of volatile compounds emitted by bacteria in wounds using gas sensors

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dc.contributor.authorSalinas Álvarez. Carlos
dc.contributor.authorSierra-Sosa, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorGarcía-Zapirain, Begoña
dc.contributor.authorYoder-Himes, Deborah
dc.contributor.authorElmaghraby, Adel Said
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-26T12:19:58Z
dc.date.available2026-02-26T12:19:58Z
dc.date.issued2019-03-28
dc.date.updated2026-02-26T12:19:58Z
dc.description.abstractIn this paper we analyze an experiment for the use of low-cost gas sensors intended to detect bacteria in wounds using a non-intrusive technique. Seven different genera/species of microbes tend to be present in most wound infections. Detection of these bacteria usually requires sample and laboratory testing which is costly, inconvenient and time-consuming. The validation processes for these sensors with nineteen types of microbes (1 Candida, 2 Enterococcus, 6 Staphylococcus, 1 Aeromonas, 1 Micrococcus, 2 E. coli and 6 Pseudomonas) are presented here, in which four sensors were evaluated: TGS-826 used for ammonia and amines, MQ-3 used for alcohol detection, MQ-135 for CO 2 and MQ-138 for acetone detection. Validation was undertaken by studying the behavior of the sensors at different distances and gas concentrations. Preliminary results with liquid cultures of 10 8 CFU/mL and solid cultures of 10 8 CFU/cm 2 of the 6 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains revealed that the four gas sensors showed a response at a height of 5 mm. The ammonia detection response of the TGS-826 to Pseudomonas showed the highest responses for the experimental samples over the background signals, with a difference between the values of up to 60 units in the solid samples and the most consistent and constant values. This could suggest that this sensor is a good detector of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the recording made of its values could be indicative of the detection of this species. All the species revealed similar CO 2 emission and a high response rate with acetone for Micrococcus, Aeromonas and Staphylococcus.en
dc.identifier.citationAlvarez, C. S., Sierra-Sosa, D., Garcia-Zapirain, B., Yoder-Himes, D., & Elmaghraby, A. (2019). Detection of volatile compounds emitted by bacteria in wounds using gas sensors. Sensors (Switzerland), 19(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/S19071523
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/S19071523
dc.identifier.issn1424-8220
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14454/5257
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherMDPI AG
dc.subject.otherArduino
dc.subject.otherGas sensors
dc.subject.otherPseudomonas
dc.subject.otherRaspberry pi
dc.subject.otherWound infection
dc.titleDetection of volatile compounds emitted by bacteria in wounds using gas sensorsen
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.accessRightsopen access
oaire.citation.issue7
oaire.citation.titleSensors (Switzerland)
oaire.citation.volume19
oaire.licenseConditionhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
oaire.versionVoR
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