Development and validation of the Resilience in Eating Disorders scale (RED-5)

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dc.contributor.authorLas Hayas Rodríguez, Carlota
dc.contributor.authorHjemdal, Odin
dc.contributor.authorMuñoz, Pedro José
dc.contributor.authorPadierna Acero, Jesús Ángel
dc.contributor.authorBeato Fernández, Luis
dc.contributor.authorGómez del Barrio, José Andrés
dc.contributor.authorPérez Valencia, Diana Marcela
dc.contributor.authorPikatza Huerga, Amaia
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, Aitor
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-13T12:59:13Z
dc.date.available2026-04-13T12:59:13Z
dc.date.issued2026-02-15
dc.date.updated2026-04-13T12:59:13Z
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: A resilience scale tailored for individuals with eating disorders (EDs) could significantly enhance our understanding and treatment of EDs. Therefore, we developed and psychometrically evaluated a new Resilience in Eating Disorders scale (RED) following COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidelines. METHOD: Informed by prior qualitative interviews, the new RED scale underwent an initial pilot test among patients with EDs (n = 52) and field tests among patients with EDs (n = 169), ED-recovered individuals (n = 61), and a normative sample of the general population (n = 349), all aged between 27.9 and 29.8 years and residing in Spain. In this study, the participants completed the RED scale, Resilience Scale-25 (RS-25), Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), World Health Organisation Quality of Life Scale - Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Data were collected at baseline and after 1 year. Alongside machine learning techniques, exploratory and confirmatory analyses were employed to evaluate the reliability, construct validity, convergent validity, known-groups validity, predictive validity and responsiveness of the RED scale. RESULTS: The original 52-item version of the RED scale was refined to 44 items following the pilot phase, and ultimately reduced to a 5-item version (RED-5) after field testing and psychometric evaluation. The RED-5 demonstrated strong psychometric properties, with excellent model fit indices (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.03, and Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.99) and acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.71). Additionally, the RED-5 scale effectively predicted quality of life, anxiety, depression, and ED symptomatology over a 1-year period. CONCLUSIONS: The RED-5 is a concise, psychometrically robust scale specifically developed to assess resilience in patients with EDs. It significantly predicts ED symptoms and quality-of-life outcomes, making it a valuable tool for both clinical practice and research. The RED-5 allows for quick administration and easy scoring. It provides mental health professionals with a tool to guide resilience-informed assessment and more personalized treatment planning.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by the Department of Healthof the Basque Government under Grant 2011111067; Span-ish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under GrantPSI2012-36377en
dc.identifier.citationLas-Hayas, C., Hjemdal, O., Muñoz, P.-J., Padierna Acero, J.-Á., Beato-Fernandez, L., Gómez-Del-Barrio, A., Pérez-Valencia, D. M., Pikatza-Huerga, A., & Almeida, A. (2026). Development and validation of the Resilience in Eating Disorders scale (RED-5). Actas españolas de psiquiatria, 54(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.62641/AEP.V54I1.2008
dc.identifier.doi10.62641/AEP.V54I1.2008
dc.identifier.eissn1578-2735
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14454/5621
dc.language.isoeng
dc.rights© 2026 The Author(s)
dc.subject.otherResilience
dc.subject.otherPsychometry
dc.subject.otherEating disorders
dc.subject.otherRecovery
dc.subject.otherMentalhealth
dc.titleDevelopment and validation of the Resilience in Eating Disorders scale (RED-5)en
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.accessRightsopen access
oaire.citation.endPage16
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleActas españolas de psiquiatria
oaire.citation.volume54
oaire.licenseConditionhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
oaire.versionVoR
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