Exercise parameters to consider for Achilles tendinopathy: a modified Delphi study with international experts

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dc.contributor.authorDemangeot, Yoann
dc.contributor.authorO'Neill, Seth
dc.contributor.authorDegache, Francis
dc.contributor.authorRapin, Amandine
dc.contributor.authorAsgher, Umer
dc.contributor.authorAlfredson, Hakan
dc.contributor.authorChester, Rachel
dc.contributor.authorChimenti, Ruth L.
dc.contributor.authorVos, Robert-Jan de
dc.contributor.authorEscriche Escuder, Adrián
dc.contributor.authorFarnqvist, Kenneth
dc.contributor.authorHabets, Bas
dc.contributor.authorMaffulli, Nicola
dc.contributor.authorMagnusson, Stig Peter
dc.contributor.authorMalliaras, Peter
dc.contributor.authorMurphy, Myles C.
dc.contributor.authorPurdam, Craig R.
dc.contributor.authorRees, Jonathan D.
dc.contributor.authorRio, Ebonie K.
dc.contributor.authorSancho Amundarain, Igor
dc.contributor.authorScott, Alex
dc.contributor.authorGrävare Silbernagel, Karin
dc.contributor.authorGremeaux, Vincent
dc.contributor.authorBoyer, François C.
dc.contributor.authorTaiar, Redha
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-05T10:57:25Z
dc.date.available2025-12-05T10:57:25Z
dc.date.issued2025-08-28
dc.date.updated2025-12-05T10:57:25Z
dc.description.abstractTo assess the level of agreement among experts on the heel raise exercise parameters that influence midportion and insertional Achilles tendinopathy (AT) rehabilitation outcomes. An international expert panel in AT rehabilitation was invited to complete a three-round Delphi survey. In the first two rounds, experts were asked to review a pregenerated list of exercise parameters (based on the heel raise exercise) and rate their perceived influence on rehabilitation outcome, using a 5-point Likert scale. For each parameter, consensus criteria for major influence on rehabilitation were (a) median≥4, (b) ≥75% of scoring 4 or 5 and (c) IQR≤1. The third round aimed to rank the exercise parameters according to importance (from most to least important) during rehabilitation. 17 experts participated in the entire Delphi process. A total of 16 exercise parameters were assessed, of which 4 (intensity of contraction, total time under tension, number of repetitions and sets, type of contraction) reached consensus as having a major influence on rehabilitation for midportion AT and 3 reached consensus for insertional AT (range of ankle dorsiflexion during the exercise, intensity of contraction, number of repetitions and sets). The rankings of parameters that reached consensus showed that contraction intensity was perceived as the most important variable for midportion AT rehabilitation, while range of ankle dorsiflexion was deemed the most important variable for insertional AT rehabilitation. This study identified key exercise parameters for mid-portion and insertional AT rehabilitation based on expert opinion. This information should assist practitioners in optimising their approach to deliver more effective, patient-specific exercises for AT rehabilitation.en
dc.identifier.citationDemangeot, Y., O’Neill, S., Degache, F., Rapin, A., Asgher, U., Alfredson, H., Chester, R., Chimenti, R. L., De Vos, R.-J., Escriche-Escuder, A., Farnqvist, K., Habets, B., Maffulli, N., Magnusson, S. P., Malliaras, P., Murphy, M. C., Purdam, C. R., Rees, J. D., Rio, E. K., et al. (2025). Exercise parameters to consider for Achilles tendinopathy: a modified Delphi study with international experts. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 59(19), 1337-1349. https://doi.org/10.1136/BJSPORTS-2025-110183
dc.identifier.doi10.1136/BJSPORTS-2025-110183
dc.identifier.eissn1473-0480
dc.identifier.issn0306-3674
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14454/4537
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherBMJ Publishing Group
dc.rights© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025
dc.titleExercise parameters to consider for Achilles tendinopathy: a modified Delphi study with international expertsen
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.accessRightsopen access
oaire.citation.endPage1349
oaire.citation.issue19
oaire.citation.startPage1337
oaire.citation.titleBritish Journal of Sports Medicine
oaire.citation.volume59
oaire.licenseConditionhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
oaire.versionVoR
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