Competencias y experiencias prácticas de gestión local y autonómica en el ámbito de la acogida-integración de las personas migradas y refugiadas en Euskadi
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2025-12
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Generalidad de Cataluña = Generalitat de Catalunya, Institut d'Estudis Autonòmics
Resumen
Si bien la realidad de Euskadi no es asimilable ni cuantitativa ni cualitativamente a otras autonomías o municipios del Estado español que tienen mayor presión migratoria en su territorio, su reciente desarrollo competencial y, especialmente, la evolución de sus planes estratégicos durante la última década han sido referentes en el autogobierno autonómico y local para la gestión de un modelo propio de acogida y también de un modelo de convivencia intercultural de la diversidad de personas de origen extranjero. En esta propuesta, revisando la singularidad competencial de los diferentes territorios históricos de Euskadi, se analizan algunas prácticas de gestión de la acogida y la integración a nivel autonómico y local, entre otras, el programa de patrocinio comunitario Auzolana del Gobierno Vasco, el modelo vasco de la gestión de la acogida en fase de autonomía, así como el programa Goihabe de la Diputación Foral de Bizkaia y el proyecto piloto Harreragune, de reciente creación e implementación. Tales experiencias promovidas desde las diferentes Administraciones públicas vascas, pese a sus objetivos coincidentes y áreas de incidencia, proyectan mecanismos complementarios, así como confluyentes, de mejora y apoyo a la gestión multinivel de la acogida y la integración para las personas migradas y refugiadas.
Although the Basque Country’s context cannot be directly compared—either quantitatively or qualitatively—with that of other autonomous communities or municipalities in Spain experiencing greater migratory pressure, the development of its autonomous competences, and particularly the evolution of its strategic plans over the past decade, have positioned it as a reference case in regional and local governance. Over this period, the Basque autonomous government has implemented a distinctive reception model alongside an intercultural coexistence framework that systematically addresses the needs of a diverse foreign-born population.This article examines the specific allocation of competences across the historical territories of the Basque Country and analyses selected practices in the governance of reception and integration at both regional and local levels. These include the Basque Government’s Auzolana community sponsorship programme, the Basque model for managing reception during the autonomy phase, the Provincial Council of Bizkaia’s Goihabe programme, and the recently launched Harreragune pilot project. These initiatives exhibit some overlap in objectives and spheres of intervention, they collectively constitute complementary and mutually reinforcing policy mechanisms. Together, they enhance the multilevel governance of reception and integration processes for migrants and refugees and illustrate the capacity of a regional government with significant autonomous powers to design and implement context-specific, coordinated, and innovative policy solutions within a decentralized institutional framework.
Although the Basque Country’s context cannot be directly compared—either quantitatively or qualitatively—with that of other autonomous communities or municipalities in Spain experiencing greater migratory pressure, the development of its autonomous competences, and particularly the evolution of its strategic plans over the past decade, have positioned it as a reference case in regional and local governance. Over this period, the Basque autonomous government has implemented a distinctive reception model alongside an intercultural coexistence framework that systematically addresses the needs of a diverse foreign-born population.This article examines the specific allocation of competences across the historical territories of the Basque Country and analyses selected practices in the governance of reception and integration at both regional and local levels. These include the Basque Government’s Auzolana community sponsorship programme, the Basque model for managing reception during the autonomy phase, the Provincial Council of Bizkaia’s Goihabe programme, and the recently launched Harreragune pilot project. These initiatives exhibit some overlap in objectives and spheres of intervention, they collectively constitute complementary and mutually reinforcing policy mechanisms. Together, they enhance the multilevel governance of reception and integration processes for migrants and refugees and illustrate the capacity of a regional government with significant autonomous powers to design and implement context-specific, coordinated, and innovative policy solutions within a decentralized institutional framework.
Palabras clave
Euskadi
Competencias
Migraciones
Asilo
Acogida
Integración
Planes estratégicos
Competences
Migrations
Asylum
Reception
Integration
Strategic plans
Competencias
Migraciones
Asilo
Acogida
Integración
Planes estratégicos
Competences
Migrations
Asylum
Reception
Integration
Strategic plans
Descripción
Materias
Cita
La Spina, E. (2025). Competencias y experiencias prácticas de gestión local y autonómica en el ámbito de la acogida-integración de las personas migradas y refugiadas en Euskadi. Revista d’estudis autonòmics i federals, 42, 165-207.