Ensemble deep learning models for heart disease classification: a case study from Mexico

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dc.contributor.authorBaccouche, Asma
dc.contributor.authorGarcía-Zapirain, Begoña
dc.contributor.authorCastillo Olea, Cristian
dc.contributor.authorElmaghraby, Adel Said
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-18T11:24:25Z
dc.date.available2026-03-18T11:24:25Z
dc.date.issued2020-04-14
dc.date.updated2026-03-18T11:24:25Z
dc.description.abstractHeart diseases are highly ranked among the leading causes of mortality in the world. They have various types including vascular, ischemic, and hypertensive heart disease. A large number of medical features are reported for patients in the Electronic Health Records (EHR) that allow physicians to diagnose and monitor heart disease. We collected a dataset from Medica Norte Hospital in Mexico that includes 800 records and 141 indicators such as age, weight, glucose, blood pressure rate, and clinical symptoms. Distribution of the collected records is very unbalanced on the different types of heart disease, where 17% of records have hypertensive heart disease, 16% of records have ischemic heart disease, 7% of records have mixed heart disease, and 8% of records have valvular heart disease. Herein, we propose an ensemble-learning framework of different neural network models, and a method of aggregating random under-sampling. To improve the performance of the classification algorithms, we implement a data preprocessing step with features selection. Experiments were conducted with unidirectional and bidirectional neural network models and results showed that an ensemble classifier with a BiLSTM or BiGRU model with a CNN model had the best classification performance with accuracy and F1-score between 91% and 96% for the different types of heart disease. These results are competitive and promising for heart disease dataset. We showed that ensemble-learning framework based on deep models could overcome the problem of classifying an unbalanced heart disease dataset. Our proposed framework can lead to highly accurate models that are adapted for clinical real data and diagnosis use.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by grant GV IT-905-16en
dc.identifier.citationBaccouche, A., Garcia-Zapirain, B., Olea, C. C., & Elmaghraby, A. (2020). Ensemble deep learning models for heart disease classification: a case study from Mexico. Information (Switzerland), 11(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/INFO11040207
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/INFO11040207
dc.identifier.eissn2078-2489
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14454/5509
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherMDPI AG
dc.rights© 2020 by the authors
dc.subject.otherDeep learning
dc.subject.otherEnsemble-Learning model
dc.subject.otherFeatures selection
dc.subject.otherHeart disease classification
dc.subject.otherNeural network
dc.subject.otherUnder-Sampling
dc.titleEnsemble deep learning models for heart disease classification: a case study from Mexicoen
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.accessRightsopen access
oaire.citation.issue4
oaire.citation.titleInformation (Switzerland)
oaire.citation.volume11
oaire.licenseConditionhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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