The affective cost of miscalibration: effects of discovering self-assessment accuracy on emotions and self-efficacy

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dc.contributor.authorPinedo Castillo, Leire
dc.contributor.authorPanadero, Ernesto
dc.contributor.authorFernández Ruiz, Javier
dc.contributor.authorGarcía-Pérez, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorBrown, Gavin T. L.
dc.date.accessioned2026-05-20T07:18:25Z
dc.date.available2026-05-20T07:18:25Z
dc.date.issued2026-06-01
dc.date.updated2026-05-20T07:18:25Z
dc.description.abstractThe alignment of self-assessment judgements to formal grading (i.e., accuracy) is an essential process by which students calibrate their thinking about work quality to disciplinary standards. However, extensive research shows that students are not well-calibrated in their self-assessments. Relatively little is known about how the realism of self-assessment affects positive or negative emotions and self-efficacy. In this study, we examined the relationships between self-assessment accuracy (over- or under-estimation) and students' emotions and self-efficacy. A total of 112 higher education students wrote an essay, self-assessed their performance, received feedback, self-assessed again, and subsequently received the tutor grades for their essays, creating a potential discrepancy between self-assessment and tutor assessment grades. Based on the sequence of events in the experiment, we used autoregressive path modeling to examine the repeated measures relationship of emotions and self-efficacy over time. Starting values for the two emotions and self-efficacy were strong predictors across time. The discrepancy between tutor and self-assessed grades was introduced after two rounds of self-reported emotions and self-efficacy and regressed onto the third round of those variables. Students who overestimated their performance experienced a decline in positive emotions, an increase in negative emotions, and a decrease in self-efficacy when confronted with their inaccuracies. In contrast, those who had underestimated their performance had a concomitant increase in positive emotions and self-efficacy, and a decrease in negative emotions. This study highlights the importance of fostering self-assessment accuracy for emotional well-being and self-efficacy. Future research should delve deeper into processes that support calibrated realism in student self-assessment.en
dc.description.sponsorshipSpanish Ministry of Universities (Ministerio de Universidades) National FPU Call (Formación de Profesorado Universitario), personal grant, reference: FPU19/04661. (2) Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad) National I+D Call (Convocatoria Excelencia) project reference EDU2016-79714-P. (3) Spanish National R+D call from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Generación del conocimiento 2020), Reference number: PID2024-156609NB-I00. (4) Basque Government Call for Grants to support the activities of research groups of the Basque University System (2022–2025) project reference: IT1624-22en
dc.identifier.citationPinedo, L., Panadero, E., Fernández-Ruiz, J., García-Pérez, D., & Brown, G. T. L. (2026). The affective cost of miscalibration: effects of discovering self-assessment accuracy on emotions and self-efficacy. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 41(2). https://doi.org/10.1007/S10212-026-01087-0
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/S10212-026-01087-0
dc.identifier.eissn1878-5174
dc.identifier.issn0256-2928
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14454/6015
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherSpringer Science and Business Media B.V.
dc.rights© The Author(s) 2026
dc.subject.otherEmotions
dc.subject.otherHigher education
dc.subject.otherSelf-assessment
dc.subject.otherSelf-assessment accuracy
dc.subject.otherSelf-efficacy
dc.titleThe affective cost of miscalibration: effects of discovering self-assessment accuracy on emotions and self-efficacyen
dc.typejournal article
dcterms.accessRightsopen access
oaire.citation.issue2
oaire.citation.titleEuropean Journal of Psychology of Education
oaire.citation.volume41
oaire.licenseConditionhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
oaire.versionVoR
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