Examinando por Autor "Borrajo, Erika"

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    Abuso online en el noviazgo
    (Universidad de Deusto, 2015-12-21) Borrajo, Erika; Gámez Guadix, Manuel; Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; Ciencias Sociales
    La presente Tesis Doctoral tiene como finalidad principal analizar la naturaleza y los correlatos de un fenómeno emergente: el abuso online en el noviazgo de parejas jóvenes. La investigación está compuesta por cinco artículos empíricos, que tienen como objetivos generales conocer algunas de las características del abuso online en el noviazgo, desarrollar un instrumento que permita su evaluación y conocer las variables relacionadas con el mismo. El trabajo parte de una revisión exhaustiva sobre las perspectivas teóricas desde las que ha surgido el estudio del abuso online en el noviazgo, para posteriormente indicar los aspectos que justifican su estudio y los objetivos propuestos para realizarlo. Las muestras de los estudios que se presentan en esta Tesis se compusieron por dos submuestras de jóvenes de entre 18 y 30 años. Para los estudios uno (N=433) y dos (N=7), los participantes fueron estudiantes de la Universidad de Deusto, en Bilbao. Estos completaron una breve escala piloto que evaluó victimización de abuso online en el noviazgo. A partir de este primer estudio, fueron seleccionados los participantes del estudio dos (N= 7), un estudio cualitativo para analizar el fenómeno en profundidad. En los estudios tres (N=788), cuatro (N=656) y cinco (N=782), los participantes fueron jóvenes españoles evaluados a través de una encuesta online. Estos completaron una batería de cuestionarios que medía, entre otras variables, las agresiones en el noviazgo offline, las actitudes que justifican estas agresiones y la presencia de sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa. La finalidad del primer estudio fue llevar a cabo un análisis exploratorio sobre la incidencia del abuso online en el noviazgo, así como conocer algunas de sus características. Entre estas se incluyeron las diferencias por sexo, los motivos y la prevalencia y frecuencia de estos comportamientos. Los resultados mostraron que las conductas de abuso online son frecuentes entre las parejas jóvenes, lo que nos permitió obtener una visión inicial de la presencia que tienen estos comportamientos en jóvenes universitarios españoles. El segundo estudio consistió en efectuar entrevistas individualizadas en profundidad a jóvenes víctimas de abuso online en el noviazgo. Este estudio permitió conocer la percepción en primera persona de aspectos del fenómeno como, por ejemplo, los comportamientos que aparecen con una mayor frecuencia o las consecuencias derivadas para las propias víctimas y para la relación de pareja. El desarrollo y validación de un cuestionario que permita medir el fenómeno del abuso online fue el objetivo principal del tercer estudio que compone este trabajo. Los resultados de este estudio aportaron datos sobre la validez factorial, la validez convergente y la fiabilidad del instrumento. A partir de aquí se concluye que el Cuestionario de Abuso Online en el Noviazgo (CAON) es un instrumento útil que permite medir diferentes comportamientos de abuso online en el contexto de una relación de pareja, tanto victimización como perpetración. Este es el primer instrumento multidimensional y exhaustivo desarrollado y validado hasta la fecha para evaluar esta problemática. El cuarto estudio tuvo como propósito analizar la relación de dos tipos de creencias, como son la justificación del abuso online y los mitos del amor, y su relación con el abuso online en el noviazgo (control y agresión directa). Además, un objetivo adicional consistió en conocer si variables como la edad y el sexo moderan estas relaciones. Los resultados concluyeron que las creencias distorsionadas sobre la violencia se relacionaron con las agresiones directas, y que el sexo moderaba esta relación, siendo más fuerte entre las mujeres. Además, los mitos del amor se relacionaron con el control. Esta relación estuvo moderada por la edad, presentándose más fuerte entre los más jóvenes. El objetivo principal del quinto y último estudio fue analizar la relación de la victimización del abuso online con la ansiedad, la depresión y el ajuste en la pareja. De los resultados se concluye que la victimización del abuso online en el noviazgo se asocia con síntomas de ansiedad, de depresión y con un peor ajuste en la relación de pareja. Además, la victimización de control moderó la relación entre la agresión directa y la depresión y la ansiedad, indicando que la influencia de la agresión directa sobre la depresión y la ansiedad es más evidente cuando la victimización de control es más baja. La edad, por su parte, moderó la relación entre la agresión directa y el ajuste diádico, indicando que esta relación era más fuerte entre los hombres, aunque resultó significativa para ambos sexos. El último apartado de la Tesis aporta una discusión general que integra las conclusiones derivadas de los cinco estudios. En este apartado se discuten los principales resultados y las limitaciones de cada uno de ellos. Además, se ofrecen directrices sobre futuras líneas de investigación en este campo y las aplicaciones prácticas que podrían resultar de estos hallazgos.
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    Canicross pilot programme: basic considerations for its implementation as an extracurricular sports activity
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024-05) González Santamaría, Xabier; Borrajo, Erika; Sánchez Mencia, Eneko; Aurrekoetxea Casaus, Maite
    Canicross is a sport that consists of running while being pulled by a dog in a natural environment. Due to the benefits to health and well-being that it brings to the people and dogs that practise it, this sport could be implemented as an animal-assisted intervention (AAI) in the educational field. Against this background, the present work describes a pilot experience carried out in an educational centre in the Basque Country for the implementation of canicross as an extracurricular sports activity. The main objective is to describe the educational potential of canicross as an extracurricular activity that fosters students’ values of respect for animals and physical activity (PA) in natural environments. The results of this innovative experience provide the first evidence of the valuable role of animal activities in this educational context, where current academic research is practically non-existent. In conclusion, we highlight the novelty of the proposal and the motivating effect that the dogs in this case had among the students in encouraging them to practise PA and adhere to values of respect and animal welfare.
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    Eating disorder symptoms and weight pressure in female rowers: associations between self-concept, psychological well-being and body composition
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 2024-06-14) Larrinaga García, Beñat; Borrajo, Erika; Muñoz Pérez, Iker; Urquijo Cela, Itziar; García Rodríguez, Ana; Arbillaga Etxarri, Ane
    Background: Female rowers may be at risk of eating disorders and high weight pressure. Aim: The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of disordered eating symptoms and weight-related pressure and the associations with self-concept, psychological well-being, socio-demographic data, experience, performance level and body composition in female fixed-bench rowers. Methods: Female rowers (n = 208; age ranged mean ± SD 23.6 ± 6.5 years) completed the SCOFF scale, Weight-Pressures in Sport-Females (WPS-F), Physical Self-Concept Questionnaire and the Ryff scales of psychological well-being and provided information on their experience and level of competition. In a subgroup of 115 athletes, body composition was assessed using bioimpedance. Results: It was found that 42.3% of the athletes scored ≥ 2 on SCOFF and mean ± SD value of WPS-F score was 3.65 ± 0.82. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that self-concept of strength and pressure from teammates and the uniform were associated with higher ED symptoms, whereas better psychological well-being in terms of autonomy, self-concept of attractiveness, and age were protective factors for ED symptoms. BMI, athletes’ physical condition, strength, and experience were associated with more weight-related pressure and better self-concept of attractiveness and physical well-being of autonomy were significantly associated with less pressure. In body composition analysis, higher extra cellular water, self-acceptance, and physical condition were associated with more weight-related pressure in female rowers, being attractiveness and the environmental mastery protective elements. Conclusions: The prevalence of ED symptomatology and weight-related pressure are high in female fixed bench rowing. The psychological factors of well-being and self-concept, team environment, body image concerns and body composition analysis should be considered to promote healthy eating behaviours in female rowers
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    Impact of psychological and physiological factors on endurance performance prediction
    (Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF), 2024) Ortiz de Anda Martín, Irati; Muñoz Pérez, Iker; Borrajo, Erika; Arco Paniagua, Asier del
    Athletic performance is a complex multifactorial phenomenon, therefore several variables should be considered to provide an accurate prediction of time in races. However, physiological variables have usually been used as the main predictors, ignoring the predictive potential of other factors such as psychological variables. The main aim of this study was to provide an equation for predicting performance at 10K, using both physiological and psychological factors as explanatory variables. 13 male runners participated in the study (weight 68.06 ± 18.73 kg; height 174.31 ± 5.39 cm; age 39.5 ± 8.5 years; 57.34 ± 5.03 ml - kg -min VO2MAX). A multiple regression model was established using a stepwise regression approach based on Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). After check possible collinearities, results showed as better predictors of the time at 10K event: VVO2MAX (β=-1.03), Arousal (β=0.17) and Isolation (β=0.19). The resulting regression showed a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.98 and RMSE= 50.30 s. VVO2MAX was the best predictor of the 10K performance. However, psychological factors, such as Arousal and Isolation, explain the addition variance. A higher VVO2MAX, a lower Arousal and a higher Isolation might allow better athletic performance in the 10K race.
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    “KorriCan”: propuesta didáctica para la promoción de la salud a través del canicross
    (Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF), 2024-05-01) González Santamaría, Xabier; Borrajo, Erika; Solabarrieta, Josu; Urquijo Cela, Itziar
    El presente trabajo recoge la experiencia piloto de una propuesta didáctica basada en la práctica del canicross. El programa educativo llamado “KorriCan”, llevado a cabo a través de una formación específica y la práctica de este deporte en clases de educación física, tiene como objetivo fomentar el canicross entre la población escolar aunando los beneficios de su práctica deportiva, los entornos naturales donde se realiza y la interacción con los animales. En conclusión, “KorriCan” parte como una propuesta educativa innovadora para fomentar la actividad física a través del canicross y concienciar al alumnado sobre su importancia en la salud promoviendo a su vez la adquisición de valores de respeto, responsabilidad y empatía hacia los animales.
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    Life satisfaction and psychological capital in athletes with physical disabilities
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-12) Zabala Domínguez, Olatz; Rubio Florido, Isabel; Lázaro Fernández, Yolanda; Borrajo, Erika
    Athletes with physical disabilities practice fewer sports than people without disabilities due to the difficulties and barriers they face in their daily lives. Sports are a powerful tool offering multiple physical, psychological and social benefits and act as a facilitator in their societal integration and inclusion. Today, more and more studies are analysing the psychological strengths of athletes, as well as their well-being. This research aimed to describe the levels of life satisfaction and psychological capital in a sample of physically disabled athletes according to the following variables: age, gender, degree of dependence, type of disability and level of competition. A structured questionnaire was distributed to 101 federated athletes with physical disabilities in the Basque Autonomous Community, with a valid return rate of 79 participants. A study of the relationship between variables was conducted using student’s t-test and ANOVA. A stepwise hierarchical multiple linear regression was also performed to assess the predictive capabilities of the analysed variables on life satisfaction. The findings showed that gender, degree of dependence and level of competition correlated with the psychological capital and life satisfaction of athletes with disabilities; male athletes scored higher in the self-efficacy and hope dimensions of psychological capital; athletes with lower levels of dependence scored higher on life satisfaction; and international athletes scored higher on psychological capital, specifically on the self-efficacy dimension. Finally, psychological capital and degree of dependence also had a significant influence on athletes’ life satisfaction.
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    Negative self-talk in runners: emotional intelligence and perceived stress as explanatory factors
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2024-01) Borrajo, Erika; Calvete Zumalde, Esther; Urquijo Cela, Itziar
    To optimize in the cognitive and emotional processes that appear in stressful situations in sports contexts is a relevant aspect to achieve a high level of performance. The present study aimed to analyze the relationship between perceived stress, emotional intelligence and negative self-talk in runners. It also aimed to determine whether emotional intelligence factors could play a protective role in this relationship. The sample consisted of 1071 runners from a race held in the Basque Country (Spain). The age of the participants was between 18 and 75 years (Mean = 41.59; SD = 9.95; 71.4% men). Participants completed an online survey days after the race. The results showed that perceived stress would be related to greater use of negative self-talk. In addition, evaluation of others' emotions and emotional regulation would also explain the occurrence of negative self-talk. Likewise, the interaction between perceived stress and appraisal of one's own emotions would explain the occurrence of negative self-talk, this relationship being stronger among those with lower scores on appraisal of one's own emotions. Results and practical implications of the findings are discussed
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    Relationship between training frequency and training session duration on vitality in recreational runners: a cross-sectional study
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024-12) Varela-Sanz, Adrián; Mecías Calvo, Marcos; Borrajo, Erika; Muñoz Pérez, Iker
    Background: Running can improve health status from a biopsychosocial perspective. However, isolation strategies, like the COVID-19 pandemic-induced lockdown, produce deleterious effects on both health status and sport performance. The aim of our study was to investigate recreational runners’ sporting habits, subjective vitality (SV), and well-being after the COVID-19 pandemic-induced lockdown. Methods: After data filtration, 5542 recreational runners (74.5% men and 25.5% women, >18 years) were selected for further analyses. The participants answered preliminary questions regarding sporting habits and completed the validated Spanish version of the Subjective Vitality as a Dynamic Reflection of Well-Being questionnaire for assessing their SV after lockdown. Results: Subjective vitality scores did not differ between men and women, nor between age groups (p = 0.41 and p = 0.11, respectively). Subjective vitality was greater with weekly training frequency up to 5 days/week, where this enhancement plateaued, while average training session duration was positively related to SV, stabilizing at 91–120 min/session (p < 0.001 for both). Conclusions: There is a dose–response relationship between both weekly training frequency and training session duration, and mental health benefits in recreational runners. Further longitudinal studies are needed in order to determine the optimal dose–response relationship for simultaneously enhancing mental health outcomes and running performance in recreational runners, especially regarding weekly training frequency, training session duration, and exercise intensity.
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    Virtual ethnography of female migrants: a WhatsApp group as a support tool during their migration process
    (Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2024-06) Calvo, Adriana; Aurrekoetxea Casaus, Maite; Borrajo, Erika
    This research aimed to describe the use and functionality that migrant women provide to social networks and the role they play in the social integration of migrant women. Using a qualitative methodology design, a virtual ethnography approach, and with the support of ATLAS, this research analyses 863 discursive threads of a WhatsApp group comprised of 123 migrant women belonging to an association related to the social and labour integration of the migrant population. The results indicate that the WhatsApp group is a reliable source of information as well as spaces of solidarity and emotional support among women who experience similar situations during the migration process. The originality of these results is that they provide insight into the uses of social networks by migrant women, on which there is little research, through observations in a WhatsApp group. Organisations working with migrant women should rethink the functionalities of these social networks and the importance of these tools in improving the social and labour integration of migrant women