Examinando por Autor "Balboa Bandeira, Yolanda"

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    Effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation in parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    (MDPI AG, 2021-05-18) Sanchez Luengos, Itsasne; Balboa Bandeira, Yolanda ; Lucas Jiménez, Olaia; Ojeda del Pozo, Natalia ; Peña Lasa, Javier ; Ibarretxe Bilbao, Naroa
    Cognitive deficits influence the quality of life of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. In order to reduce the impact of cognitive impairment in PD, cognitive rehabilitation programs have been developed. This study presents a systematic review and meta-analysis regarding the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation in non-demented PD patients. Twelve articles were selected according to PRISMA guidelines. The systematic review showed that attention, working memory, verbal memory, executive functions and processing speed were the most frequently improved domains. Meta-analysis results showed moderate effects on global cognitive status (g = 0.55) and working memory (g = 0.50); small significant effects on verbal memory (g = 0.41), overall cognitive functions (g = 0.39) and executive functions (g = 0.30); small non-significant effects on attention (g = 0.36), visual memory (g = 0.29), verbal fluency (g = 0.27) and processing speed (g = 0.24); and no effect on visuospatial and visuoconstructive abilities (g = 0.17). Depressive symptoms showed small effect (g = 0.24) and quality of life showed no effect (g = -0.07). A meta-regression was performed to examine moderating variables of overall cognitive function effects, although moderators did not explain the heterogeneity of the improvement after cognitive rehabilitation. The findings suggest that cognitive rehabilitation may be beneficial in improving cognition in non-demented PD patients, although further studies are needed to obtain more robust effects.
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    Effects of non-invasive brain stimulation on foreign language learning processes
    (Universidad de Deusto, 2024-01-12) Balboa Bandeira, Yolanda; Peña Lasa, Javier; Zubiaurre Elorza, Leire; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
    La estimulación eléctrica transcraneal (tES) es un tipo de técnica de estimulación cerebral no invasiva (NIBS) que modula la actividad neuronal mediante la aplicación de una corriente eléctrica débil. En los últimos años, su aplicación ha aumentado significativamente, y se ha utilizado para mejorar diferentes dominios cognitivos como el lenguaje en adultos sanos. En concreto, se han realizado numerosos estudios sobre los efectos de la tES en diferentes habilidades lingüísticas (por ejemplo, fluidez verbal, denominación de imágenes, lectura de palabras) en muestras sanas. Sin embargo, hasta la fecha se han llevado a cabo pocas investigaciones sobre los efectos de la tES en los procesos implicados en el aprendizaje otros idiomas, y los resultados siguen sin estar claros. Asimismo, el uso de un único tipo de tES y un solo montaje de electrodos es habitual en los estudios sobre el lenguaje, cuando se dispone de otras técnicas y montajes de electrodos, escasamente investigados en el lenguaje. La presente tesis se compone de tres contribuciones científicas. El primer estudio cuantificó los efectos de la tES en los procesos de aprendizaje de otros idiomas (nopalabras, gramática artificial y lenguas extranjeras) mediante una revisión sistemática y un meta-análisis. El segundo estudio comparó los efectos de tres tipos diferentes de tES y analizó si la tES mejora los procesos de aprendizaje de otros idiomas. Y el tercer estudio pretendía explorar los efectos de la estimulación transcraneal de ruido aleatorio (tRNS) sobre la fluidez verbal en individuos multilingües sanos (en tres idiomas diferentes: español, euskera e inglés). Los resultados del estudio I mostraron que la tES tenía un efecto moderado de mejora inmediata en el aprendizaje general de idiomas, pero que no se mantenía a largo plazo. Además, el metaanálisis informó de que los efectos de mejora de la tES estaban moderados significativamente por los años de educación. En el estudio II se observó una precisión de aprendizaje significativamente mayor tras la aplicación de tRNS en comparación con el placebo y los otros tipos de tES, pero sólo tras dos semanas de estimulación; sin que se observaran diferencias entre las técnicas de estimulación de forma inmediata. En el estudio III los resultados revelaron un rendimiento notablemente mejor por parte de los participantes que recibieron tRNS en las tareas de fluidez verbal fonémica en español e inglés. Sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias entre las condiciones en las tareas de fluidez verbal en euskera. En conclusión, los resultados sugieren que la tES parece potenciar los mecanismos implicados en el aprendizaje de otros idiomas y facilitar habilidades lingüísticas como la fluidez verbal en personas multilingües. También se ha descubierto que, entre los diferentes tipos de tES, la tRNS podría ser útil para potenciar los procesos implicados en el aprendizaje de vocabulario en otros idiomas y que, aplicado al córtex prefrontal izquierdo, podría ayudar a mejorar la fluidez fonémica, aunque no la semántica, en adultos multilingües sanos. En conjunto, estos resultados aportan datos basados en la evidencia sobre el potencial de la tES aplicada en procesos de aprendizaje de idiomas en poblaciones sanas, pero también indican la gran necesidad de seguir investigando para comprender el alcance y el impacto de estas técnicas en los procesos de aprendizaje de otras lenguas.
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    Effects of transcranial electrical stimulation techniques on foreign vocabulary learning
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023-02-13) Balboa Bandeira, Yolanda ; Zubiaurre Elorza, Leire ; García Guerrero, Acebo; Ibarretxe Bilbao, Naroa ; Ojeda del Pozo, Natalia ; Peña Lasa, Javier
    Although the use of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) techniques on healthy population has been linked to facilitating language learning, studies on their effects on foreign language learning processes are scarce and results remain unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze whether tES enhances foreign language learning processes. Sixty-four healthy native Spanish-speaking participants were randomly assigned to four groups (transcranial direct current, transcranial random noise, tDCS-tRNS stimulation, or sham). They completed two intervention sessions with a two-week gap in between. During the first session the participants received stimulation (1.5 mA) while learning new English words and then performed recall and recognition tasks. Learning was assessed at follow-up, two weeks later. No differences in learning between groups were observed in the first session (F(1,61)= .86; p = .36). At follow-up, significantly higher learning accuracy was observed after tRNS compared to sham (p = .037). These results suggest that tRNS could be helpful in improving the processes involved in foreign language vocabulary learning.
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    Effects of transcranial electrical stimulation techniques on second and foreign language learning enhancement in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2021-09-17) Balboa Bandeira, Yolanda; Zubiaurre Elorza, Leire; Ibarretxe Bilbao, Naroa; Ojeda del Pozo, Natalia; Peña Lasa, Javier
    Background: Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) techniques have been used to enhance different cognitive domains such as language in healthy adults. While several reviews and meta-analysis have been conducted on the effects of tES on different language skills (picture naming, verbal fluency, word reading), there has been little research conducted to date on the effects of tES on the processes involved in foreign language learning. Objective: A meta-analysis was performed to quantify the effects of tES on foreign language learning processes (non-words, artificial grammar, and foreign languages), focusing on accuracy, response times and 1-week follow-up effects, if reported by the studies. Results: Eleven studies that had sham condition were reviewed. Nine of them were analyzed, including five using within-participant design, and four that employed between-participant design. The final analysis encompassed nine studies with 279 healthy participants. The analysis showed moderate enhancing effects of tES on overall language learning (g = 0.50, 95 % CI [0.29, 0.71], p = .0001). However, results were not significant on follow up data (g = 0.54, 95 % CI [-0.12, 1.20], p = .07), and on response times (g = 0.50, 95 % CI [-0.1, 1.18], p = .10). The effects were significantly moderated by years of education. Conclusions: The results suggest that tES seems to enhance the mechanisms involved in foreign language learning; however, more research is needed to understand the impact scope of these techniques on language learning processes.
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    Enhancement of phonemic verbal fluency in multilingual young adults by transcranial random noise stimulation
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2024-06) Balboa Bandeira, Yolanda; Zubiaurre Elorza, Leire; García Guerrero, Acebo; Ibarretxe Bilbao, Naroa; Ojeda del Pozo, Natalia; Peña Lasa, Javier
    Several studies have analyzed the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on verbal fluency tasks in non-clinical populations. Nevertheless, the reported effects on verbal fluency are inconsistent. In addition, the effect of other techniques such as transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) on verbal fluency enhancement has yet to be studied in healthy multilingual populations. This study aims to explore the effects of tRNS on verbal fluency in healthy multilingual individuals. Fifty healthy multilingual (Spanish, English and Basque) adults were randomly assigned to a tRNS or sham group. Electrodes were placed on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left inferior frontal gyrus. All participants performed phonemic and semantic verbal fluency tasks before, during (online assessment) and immediately after (offline assessment) stimulation in three different languages. The results showed significantly better performance by participants who received tRNS in the phonemic verbal fluency tasks in Spanish (in the online and offline assessment) and English (in the offline assessment). No differences between conditions were found in Basque nor semantic verbal fluency. These findings suggests that tRNS on the left prefrontal cortex could help improve phonemic, yet not semantic, fluency in healthy multilingual adults
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    Neuropsychological deficits in patients with persistent COVID-19 symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    (Nature Research, 2023-06-26) Sobrino Relaño, Saioa; Balboa Bandeira, Yolanda; Peña Lasa, Javier; Ibarretxe Bilbao, Naroa; Zubiaurre Elorza, Leire ; Ojeda del Pozo, Natalia
    Long-term persistent symptoms of COVID-19 affect 30–80% of patients who have recovered from the disease and may continue for a long time after the disease has been overcome. The duration of these symptoms over time might have consequences that affect different aspects of health, such as cognitive abilities. The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to objectify the persistent COVID-19 cognitive deficits after acute phase of infection and to summarize the existing evidence. Additionally, we aimed to provide a comprehensive overview to further understand and address the consequences of this disease. Our protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021260286). Systematic research was conducted in the Web of Science, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases from January 2020 to September 2021. Twenty-five studies were included, six of which were analyzed for the meta-analysis, and consisted of 175 patients who had recovered from COVID-19 and 275 healthy individuals. Analyses of cognitive performance of post-COVID-19 patients and healthy volunteers were compared using a random-effects model. The results showed an overall medium–high effect size (g = −.68, p =.02) with a 95% CI (−1.05 to −.31), with a significantly moderate level of heterogeneity among studies (Z = 3.58, p <.001; I 2 = 63%). The results showed that individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 showed significant cognitive deficits compared to controls. Future studies should carefully assess the long-term progression of cognitive impairments in patients with persistent COVID-19 symptoms, as well as the effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions. Nevertheless, there is an urgent need to know the profile to speed up development of prevention plans as well as specific interventions. Since more information is being obtained and more studies are being conducted on the subject, the need to examine this symptomatology multidisciplinary to achieve greater scientific evidence of its incidence and prevalence has become increasingly clear.