Examinando por Autor "Secades Villa, Roberto"

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  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Assessment of contextualized reinforcement pathology in a community sample of young adult substance users
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025-06-17) García Pérez, Ángel; González Roz, Alba; Secades Villa, Roberto; Aonso Diego, Gema; Weidberg López, Sara Eva; Yoon, Jin H.
    Background: Alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis are the most commonly used substances among young populations, often leading to polysubstance use, which correlates with problematic consumption and adverse health outcomes. The contextualized reinforcer pathology (CRP) model explains addictive behaviors through several constructs, including the following: drug demand, delay discounting (DD), and substance-free and substance-related reinforcement. Most previous studies have focused on a single CRP construct and the couse of only two substances. This study aimed to characterize three subgroups of young adults reporting past month use of alcohol only, alcohol + tobacco or cannabis, and alcohol + tobacco + cannabis, in terms of the three constituents of the CRP model. Methods: Young adult students (N = 1487) completed CRP measures including the Alcohol Purchase Task, the Delay Discounting Task (for monetary rewards), and an abbreviated version of the Adolescent Reinforcement Survey Schedule-Substance Use Version (ARSS-SUV). ANOVA, chi-square, and Student's t-tests were conducted to analyze group differences in terms of the CRP model. Results: Higher demand intensity (p = 0.001) and reinforcement from substance-related activities (p < 0.001) significantly predicted using alcohol + cannabis + tobacco compared to alcohol only use. DD and some alcohol demand indices (i.e., Omax, Pmax, breakpoint and elasticity) were not associated with any substance use pattern. Conclusions: Findings suggest that polysubstance use may enhance reward from leisure and social activities. Individuals with high reinforcement from substance-related activities or high alcohol demand should be delivered interventions promoting activities that are both reinforcing and serve as alternatives to substance use.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy for addictive behaviors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    (Elsevier Inc., 2024-05-08) Krotter Díaz, Andrea; Aonso Diego, Gema; González Menéndez, Ana; González Roz, Alba; Secades Villa, Roberto; García Pérez, Ángel
    The use of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has expanded in the field of addictive disorders in recent years. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of ACT compared to other active interventions in terms of treatment completion, addiction-related outcomes, and changes in psychological flexibility. Searches were conducted in PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Four random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to assess the effectiveness of ACT in terms of completion rates and abstinence at the end of treatment (EOT), in the short term (≤6 months follow-up), and in the long term (>6-month follow-up). Participants’ sex and age, the number of ACT sessions, the characteristics of the experimental condition (i.e., ACT combined with pharmacological intervention or non-combined) and the comparison condition (i.e., ACT compared to cognitive-behavioral therapy [CBT] or non-CBT interventions), treatment modality (face-to-face or technology-based approaches), and the targeted addictive behavior were examined as moderators. A total of 28 studies were included in the systematic review and 22 in the meta-analysis. There were no differences in EOT completion rates (Log RR = 0.0038; 95% CI: −0.026, 0.034). ACT increased the odds of abstinence at EOT (Log RR = 0.264; 95% CI: 0.046, 0.482) and at short-term follow-up (Log RR = 0.295; 95% CI: 0.108, 0.483), but not in the long term (Log RR = 0.164; 95% CI: −0.101, 0.430). ACT demonstrated higher abstinence rates than CBT conditions at EOT (p = 0.002). A lower age increased abstinence rates in the short (p = 0.004) and long term (p < 0.001), whereas a greater number of ACT sessions increased long-term abstinence rates (p < 0.001). ACT is an effective approach for promoting short-term abstinence. In the long term, it is at least as effective as other empirically validated therapies, such as CBT. Further studies are needed to clarify the effects of increasing psychological flexibility on addictive behaviors.