Examinando por Autor "Schmader,T."

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    ‘Free to be me?’: gender role norms constrain career interests less for lesbian, gay and bisexual people than for heterosexual people.
    (John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2026-08-01) Block, Katharina ; He,J.Y.; Olsson,M.I.T.; Van Grootel,S.; Martiny,S.E.; Schmader,T.; Van Laar,C.; Schuster,C.; Meeussen,L.; Hässler,T.; Croft,A.; Wee,S.X.R.; Sun,M.S.; Ainsaar,M.; Aarntzen,L.; Adamus,M.; Atkinson,C.; Avicenna,M.; Bąbel,P.; Barth,M.; Benson-Greenwald,T.M.; Maloku,E.; Berent,J.; Bergsieker,H.B.; Biernat,M.; Bîrneanu,A.G.; Bodinaku,B.; Bosak,J.; Bosson,J.; Branković,M.; Burkauskas,J.; Čavojová,V.; Cheryan,S.; Choi,E.; Choi,I.; Contreras Ibañez, Carlos César; Coogan,A.; Danyliuk,I.; Dar-Nimrod,I.; Dasgupta,N.; de Lemus,S.; Devos,T.; Diab,M.; Diekman,A.B.; Eisner,L.; Eller,A.; Erentaitė,R.; Fedáková,D.; Franc,R.; Gartzia Fernández, Leire ; Gavreliuc,A.; Gavreliuc,D.; Gecaite-Stonciene,J.; Germano,A.L.; Giovannelli,I.; Gismondi Diaz,R.; Gitikhmayeva,L.; Gizaw,A.M.; Gjoneska,B.; Martínez González, Óscar ; González,R.; Grijalva,I.D.; Güngör,D.; Gustafsson Sendén,M.; Hall,W.; Harb,C.; Hassan,B.; Hawi,D.R.; Henningsen,L.; Hoppe,A.; Ishii,K.; Jakšić,I.; Jasini,A.; Jurkevičienė,J.; Kelmendi,K.; Kirby,T.A.; Kitakaji,Y.; Kosakowska-Berezecka,N.; Kozytska,I.; Kulich,C.; Kundtová-Klocová,E.; Kunuroglu,F.; Lapytskaia Aidy,C.; Lee,A.; Eneroth,A.; López-López,W.; Luzvinda,L.; Maricchiolo,F.; Martinot,D.; McNamara,R.A.; Meister,A.; Melka,T.L.; Mickuviene,N.; Miranda-Orrego,M.I.; Mkamwa,T.; Morandini,J.; Morton,T.; Mrisho,D.; Nikitin,J.; Otten,S.; Pacilli,M.G.; Page-Gould,E.; Perandrés-Gómez,A.; Pizarro,J.; Pop-Jordanova,N.; Pyrkosz-Pacyna,J.; Qouta,S.; Ramis,T.; Rani,N.; Redersdorff,S.; Régner,I.; Renström,E.A.; Rivera-Rodriguez,A.; Rocha-Sánchez,T.E.; Saab,R.; Sakata,K.; Samekin,A.; Sánchez-Pachecho,T.; Scheifele,C.; Schulmeyer,M.K.; Sczesny,S.; Sirlopú,D.; Smith-Castro,V.; Soo,K.; Spaccatini,F.; Steele,J.R.; Steffens,M.C.; Sucic,I.; Vandello,J.; Velásquez-Díaz,L.M.; Vink,M.; Vives,E.; Warkineh,T.Z.; Žeželj,I.; Zhang,X.; Zhao,X.; Anderson,J.
    Societal gender role norms play a crucial role in shaping men's and women's career aspirations. However, prior research documenting this key role of gendered norms has primarily focused on heterosexual women and men in the global North-West. Previous studies documenting differences in career interests by sexual orientation suggest that gender role norms might affect lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) women and men less strongly than heterosexuals. This large-scale, preregistered study sought to document group differences in norm perceptions, career interests and their relationship. To this end, 18,351 university students (n = 3318 LGB, n = 15,033 heterosexual) from 46 countries completed a self-report survey about their gender, sexual orientation, perceptions of societal gender role norms, as well as their personal gender role beliefs and career interests. Analyses revealed that, compared to heterosexual individuals, LGB individuals reported significantly less stereotypical career interests and endorsed less traditional gender role beliefs about careers. As predicted, perceptions of societal gender role norms predicted career interests for heterosexual but not for LGB participants. Moreover, LGB participants showed a weaker relationship between societal gender role norms and own gender role beliefs than straight participants did. Interestingly, we found no evidence that this effect was conditional on the level of LGBT acceptance in different countries sampled. We discuss implications of this new evidence for understanding occupational gender segregation from an intersectional perspective.
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    The gender gap in the care economy is larger in highly developed countries: sociocultural explanations for paradoxical findings
    (American Psychological Association, 2026-02-01) Block,K.; Olsson,M.I.T.; van Grootel,S.; Schuster,C.; Meeussen,L.; Van Laar,C.; Martiny,S.E.; Croft, Alyssa; Sun,M.S.; Wee,S.; Ainsaar, Mare; Aarntzen, Lianne; Adamus, Magdalena; Anderson,J.; Atkinson, Ciara; Avicenna, Mohamad; Bąbel,P.; Barth,M.; Benson-Greenwald, Tessa; Maloku,E.; Berent,J.; Bergsieker,H.B.; Biernat,M.; Bîrneanu,A.G.; Bodinaku,B.; Bosak,J.; Bosson,J.; Branković,M.; Burkauskas,J.; Čavojová, Vladimíra ; Cheryan,S.; Choi,E.; Choi,I.; Contreras Ibañez, Carlos César; Coogan, Andrew; Danyliuk,I.; Dar-Nimrod,I.; Dasgupta,N.; de Lemus,S.; Devos,T.; Diab,M.; Diekman,A.B.; Efremova,M.; Eisner,L.; Eller,A.; Erentaitė,R.; Fedáková,D.; Franc,R.; Gartzia Fernández, Leire; Gavreliuc,A.; Gavreliuc,D.; Gecaite-Stonciene,J.; Germano,A.L.; Giovannelli,I.; Gismondi Diaz,R.; Gitikhmayeva,L.; Menkir Gizaw,A.; Gjoneska,B.; González,O.M.; González,R.; Grijalva,I.D.; Güngör,D.; Gustafsson Sendén,M.; Hall,W.; Harb,C.; Hassan,B.; Hässler,T.; Hawi,D.R.; Henningsen,L.; Hoppe,A.; Ishii,K.; Jakšić,I.; Jasini,A.; Jurkevičienė,J.; Kelmendi,K.; Kirby,T.A.; Kitakaji,Y.; Kosakowska-Berezecka,N.; Kozytska,I.; Kulich,C.; Kundtová-Klocová,E.; Kunuroglu,F.; Lapytskaia Aidy,C.; Lee,A.; Eneroth,A.; López-López,W.; Luzvinda,L.; Maricchiolo,F.; Martinot,D.; McNamara,R.A.; Meister,A.; Melka,T.L.; Mickuviene,N.; Miranda-Orrego,M.I.; Mkamwa,T.; Morandini,J.; Morton,T.; Mrisho,D.; Nikitin,J.; Otten,S.; Pacilli,M.G.; Page-Gould,E.; Perandrés-Gómez,A.; Pizarro Pérez, Jon; Pop-Jordanova,N.; Pyrkosz-Pacyna,J.; Qouta,S.; Ramis,T.; Rani,N.; Redersdorff,S.; Régner,I.; Renström,E.A.; Rivera-Rodriguez,A.; Rocha-Sánchez,T.E.; Ryabichenko,T.; Saab,R.; Sakata,K.; Samekin,A.; Sánchez-Pachecho,T.; Scheifele,C.; Schulmeyer,M.K.; Sczesny,S.; Sirlopú,D.; Smith-Castro,V.; Soo,K.; Spaccatini,F.; Steele,J.R.; Steffens,M.C.; Sucic,I.; Vandello,J.; Velásquez-Díaz,L.M.; Vink,M.; Vives,E.; Warkineh,T.Z.; Žeželj,I.; Zhang,X.; Zhao,X.; Schmader,T.
    Despite the growing demand for care economy employees (e.g., nurses, teachers, and social workers), men remain underrepresented in these careers. While economically developed countries support more equal rights for women and men, their labor markets are highly gender segregated (Charles, 1992, 2003). We conducted a focused investigation of this paradoxical pattern in the care economy, testing whether gender gaps in care economy career interest are larger in more economically developed countries and, if so, what psychological and cultural factors underlie these patterns. We examined these questions with labor data from 70 countries (Study 1) and a preregistered study of career interests among 19,240 university students from 49 countries (Study 2). Although more economically developed countries tend to promote greater gender equality, our results reveal that the gender gap in care economy representation (Study 1) and interest (Study 2) is especially large in such countries. We did not observe parallel patterns for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics representation or interest. Results from Study 2 supported an integrated theoretical account of this development paradox in care economy interest: Cross-national variation in the gender gap in care economy interest was predicted by country-level variation in economic development and individualism/collectivism but not by self-expression values or country-level gender equality, countering prior (controversial) claims of a gender equality paradox. Furthermore, larger gender gaps in communal values (e.g., men's lower valuing of helping and caring for others) were a proximal predictor of larger gender gaps in care economy interest in highly economically developed countries. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).