Examinando por Autor "Muralter, Florian"

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  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Design and development of a passive computational UHF RFID platform using vector backscatter modulation on the uplink
    (Universidad de Deusto, 2021-09-17) Muralter, Florian; Perallos Ruiz, Asier; Facultad de Ingeniería; Programa de Doctorado en Ingeniería para la Sociedad de la Información y Desarrollo Sostenible por la Universidad de Deusto
    This work presents the steps taken to design and implement a passive, computational Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) platform using vector backscatter modulation to increase the data throughput on the reader-to-tag communication link. Passive UHF RFID represents an automated identification technology operating in the Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) band between 860 MHZ and 960 MHZ. One such RFID system consists of an interrogator (reader) and at least one wirelessly powered transponder (tag). The energy needed for the operation of the tag is harvested from the incident electromagnetic wave. After the reader has interrogated the tags, the reader radiated continuous wave is used as the carrier for the tag-to-reader backscatter communication. This technology uses antenna load modulation to reflect a distinct part of the incident wave corresponding to the transmitted data sequence. Due to recent advances in the area of RFID, transponders are no longer used for identification only. With the availability of low-power sensors and microcontroller units (MCUs), sensoric and computational capabilities have been added to attract a wider field of applications. The additional need of being able to backscatter the data collect by a sensor, or computed by the MCU to the reader requires further advances considering the backscatter communication link. As part of this thesis we have presented a thorough study of State-of-the-Art passive computational RFID. This theoretical and experimental investigation of the performance limitations, has fruited in the identification of gaps considering the typically used impedance measurement methodologies. Thus, we have proposed an alternative method for measuring the chip impedance of an UHF RFID chip, as well as an alternative approach to measuring the reflected harmonic power using a Digital Sampling Oscilloscope. As a result, the reflected harmonics at low input power levels could be neglected when designing the presented modular passive UHF RFID platform with easily exchangable modules. This research platform facilitates the design process when developing novel UHF RFID solutions. The further proposed passive computational UHF RFID platform using backscatter communication represents a complete RFID system consisting of a tag with the ability to transmit 2 bits at a time and a Software Defined Radio reader being able to demodulate the tag response.
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    Ítem
    A fully customizable RFID research platform with exchangeable modules
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021-04-15) Muralter, Florian; Arjona Aguilera, Laura; Landaluce, Hugo; Perallos Ruiz, Asier
    This manuscript presents the design and implementation of a passive, modular, computational ultra high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) research platform. The proposed platform consists of a software defined radio (SDR) reader and a modular UHF RFID tag. Such a tag can be subdivided into a number of modules (e.g., Modulator, Rectifier, etc.), which have been separated and optimized for easy connectability using sub-miniature A (SMA) connectors and standard jumper wires. Experimental results of module specific parameters show the accessibility of each section and prove the platform's value for designing novel UHF RFID solutions.
  • No hay miniatura disponible
    Ítem
    Harmonic voltage reflection analysis of UHF RFID chips
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Muralter, Florian; Hani, Michael; Landaluce, Hugo; Perallos Ruiz, Asier; Biebl, Erwin M.
    In recent years, the exploitation of the nonlinear behavior of ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) chips has gained popularity. This article presents a measurement platform for the harmonic characterization of UHF RFID chips. The measurement of the incident and reflected wave at the RFID chip terminals is performed using a digital sampling oscilloscope (DSO). A novel signal-processing methodology is presented to extract time-domain reflection coefficient equivalents from a DSO measurement at the different load modulation states. Using a simultaneous measurement of the reflection coefficient with a vector network analyzer, the obtained measurement results were validated. Furthermore, a comparison to using real-time sampling and a power spectral density analysis is presented.
  • No hay miniatura disponible
    Ítem
    A passive computational UHF RFID platform using vector backscatter modulation
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022-01-27) Muralter, Florian; Arjona Aguilera, Laura; Landaluce, Hugo; Perallos Ruiz, Asier
    This article presents the design and implementation of a passive, computational ultra high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) platform using vector backscatter modulation on the uplink (tag-to-reader). The proposed RFID system consists of a software defined radio (SDR) reader and the corresponding passive, computational tag. The communication protocol is firmware-implemented, thus offering high flexibility in configuring its functionalities. A dual-gate MOSFET is used to implement the vector backscatter modulator. Experimental results prove the platform's feasibility and show the benefits of using vector backscatter communication compared to using the standard binary phase-shift keying (BPSK). For the investigated 128-bit tag-to-reader message based on the EPC Class 1 Generation 2 communication protocol, the sequence length was shortened by a factor of 1.91.
  • No hay miniatura disponible
    Ítem
    Polarization-diversity-based rotation sensing methodology using COTS UHF RFID tags
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-03-08) Muralter, Florian; Muralter, Fabian; Landaluce, Hugo; Perallos Ruiz, Asier
    Phase-based sensing using ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio-frequency identification (RFID) has, in recent years, yielded numerous additions to the Internet of Things (IoT). This work presents a polarization diversity-based rotation sensing methodology using common-off-the-shelf (COTS) UHF RFID tags identified with a software-defined radio (SDR) UHF RFID reader. The proposed methodology uses the tag-to-reader message after fully coherent demodulation to calculate a difference signal of the backscatter load modulation states. This sequence is then used to compute the rotation speed by evaluating its phase change over time. Experimental results are used to validate the theoretical model and to evaluate the performance and limitiations of the proposed system.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Protocol for streaming data from an RFID sensor network
    (MDPI AG, 2019-07-17) Souto, Gentza; Muralter, Florian ; Arjona Aguilera, Laura ; Landaluce, Hugo; Perallos Ruiz, Asier
    Currently, there is an increasing interest in the use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags which incorporate passive or battery-less sensors. These systems are known as computational RFID (CRFID). Several CRFID tags together with a reader set up an RFID sensor network. The reader powers up the tags’ microcontroller and their attached sensor using radio frequency waves, and tags backscatter, not only their EPC code but also the value of those sensors. The current standard for interrogating these CRFID tags is the EPC global Class 1 Generation 2 (EPC C1G2). When several tags are located inside the reader interrogation area, the EPC C1G2 results in very poor performance to obtain sensor data values. To solve this problem, a novel protocol called Sensor Frmed Slotted Aloha (sFSA) for streaming sensor data dealing with the tag collisions is presented. The proposed protocol increases the Sensor Read Rate (SRR), defined as the number of sensor data reads per second, compared to the standard. Additionally, this paper presents a prototype of an RFID sensor network to compare the proposed sFSA with the standard, increasing the SRR by more than five times on average. Additionally, the proposed protocol keeps a constant sensor sampling frequency for a suitable streaming of these tag sensors.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    A review of IoT sensing applications and challenges using RFID and wireless sensor networks
    (MDPI AG, 2020-04-20) Landaluce, Hugo; Arjona Aguilera, Laura; Perallos Ruiz, Asier; Falcone, Francisco; Angulo Martínez, Ignacio; Muralter, Florian
    Radio frequency identification (RFID) and wireless sensors networks (WSNs) are two fundamental pillars that enable the Internet of Things (IoT). RFID systems are able to identify and track devices, whilst WSNs cooperate to gather and provide information from interconnected sensors. This involves challenges, for example, in transforming RFID systems with identification capabilities into sensing and computational platforms, as well as considering them as architectures of wirelessly connected sensing tags. This, together with the latest advances in WSNs and with the integration of both technologies, has resulted in the opportunity to develop novel IoT applications. This paper presents a review of these two technologies and the obstacles and challenges that need to be overcome. Some of these challenges are the efficiency of the energy harvesting, communication interference, fault tolerance, higher capacities to handling data processing, cost feasibility, and an appropriate integration of these factors. Additionally, two emerging trends in IoT are reviewed: the combination of RFID and WSNs in order to exploit their advantages and complement their limitations, and wearable sensors, which enable new promising IoT applications.