Examinando por Autor "Landaluce, Hugo"

Mostrando 1 - 8 de 8
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Dynamic frame update policy for UHF RFID sensor tag collisions
    (MDPI AG, 2020-05-09) Arjona Aguilera, Laura; Landaluce, Hugo; Perallos Ruiz, Asier; Onieva Caracuel, Enrique
    The current growing demand for low-cost edge devices to bridge the physical–digital divide has triggered the growing scope of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology research. Besides object identification, researchers have also examined the possibility of using RFID tags for low-power wireless sensing, localisation and activity inference. This paper focuses on passive UHF RFID sensing. An RFID system consists of a reader and various numbers of tags, which can incorporate different kinds of sensors. These sensor tags require fast anti-collision protocols to minimise the number of collisions with the other tags sharing the reader’s interrogation zone. Therefore, RFID application developers must be mindful of anti-collision protocols. Dynamic Frame Slotted Aloha (DFSA) anti-collision protocols have been used extensively in the literature because EPCglobal Class 1 Generation 2 (EPC C1G2), which is the current communication protocol standard in RFID, employs this strategy. Protocols under this category are distinguished by their policy for updating the transmission frame size. This paper analyses the frame size update policy of DFSA strategies to survey and classify the main state-of-the-art of DFSA protocols according to their policy. Consequently, this paper proposes a novel policy to lower the time to read one sensor data packet compared to existing strategies. Next, the novel anti-collision protocol Fuzzy Frame Slotted Aloha (FFSA) is presented, which applies this novel DFSA policy. The results of our simulation confirm that FFSA significantly decreases the sensor tag read time for a wide range of tag populations when compared to earlier DFSA protocols thanks to the proposed frame size update policy.
  • No hay miniatura disponible
    Ítem
    A fully customizable RFID research platform with exchangeable modules
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021-04-15) Muralter, Florian; Arjona Aguilera, Laura; Landaluce, Hugo; Perallos Ruiz, Asier
    This manuscript presents the design and implementation of a passive, modular, computational ultra high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) research platform. The proposed platform consists of a software defined radio (SDR) reader and a modular UHF RFID tag. Such a tag can be subdivided into a number of modules (e.g., Modulator, Rectifier, etc.), which have been separated and optimized for easy connectability using sub-miniature A (SMA) connectors and standard jumper wires. Experimental results of module specific parameters show the accessibility of each section and prove the platform's value for designing novel UHF RFID solutions.
  • No hay miniatura disponible
    Ítem
    Harmonic voltage reflection analysis of UHF RFID chips
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Muralter, Florian; Hani, Michael; Landaluce, Hugo; Perallos Ruiz, Asier; Biebl, Erwin M.
    In recent years, the exploitation of the nonlinear behavior of ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) chips has gained popularity. This article presents a measurement platform for the harmonic characterization of UHF RFID chips. The measurement of the incident and reflected wave at the RFID chip terminals is performed using a digital sampling oscilloscope (DSO). A novel signal-processing methodology is presented to extract time-domain reflection coefficient equivalents from a DSO measurement at the different load modulation states. Using a simultaneous measurement of the reflection coefficient with a vector network analyzer, the obtained measurement results were validated. Furthermore, a comparison to using real-time sampling and a power spectral density analysis is presented.
  • No hay miniatura disponible
    Ítem
    A passive computational UHF RFID platform using vector backscatter modulation
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022-01-27) Muralter, Florian; Arjona Aguilera, Laura; Landaluce, Hugo; Perallos Ruiz, Asier
    This article presents the design and implementation of a passive, computational ultra high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) platform using vector backscatter modulation on the uplink (tag-to-reader). The proposed RFID system consists of a software defined radio (SDR) reader and the corresponding passive, computational tag. The communication protocol is firmware-implemented, thus offering high flexibility in configuring its functionalities. A dual-gate MOSFET is used to implement the vector backscatter modulator. Experimental results prove the platform's feasibility and show the benefits of using vector backscatter communication compared to using the standard binary phase-shift keying (BPSK). For the investigated 128-bit tag-to-reader message based on the EPC Class 1 Generation 2 communication protocol, the sequence length was shortened by a factor of 1.91.
  • No hay miniatura disponible
    Ítem
    Polarization-diversity-based rotation sensing methodology using COTS UHF RFID tags
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-03-08) Muralter, Florian; Muralter, Fabian; Landaluce, Hugo; Perallos Ruiz, Asier
    Phase-based sensing using ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio-frequency identification (RFID) has, in recent years, yielded numerous additions to the Internet of Things (IoT). This work presents a polarization diversity-based rotation sensing methodology using common-off-the-shelf (COTS) UHF RFID tags identified with a software-defined radio (SDR) UHF RFID reader. The proposed methodology uses the tag-to-reader message after fully coherent demodulation to calculate a difference signal of the backscatter load modulation states. This sequence is then used to compute the rotation speed by evaluating its phase change over time. Experimental results are used to validate the theoretical model and to evaluate the performance and limitiations of the proposed system.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Protocol for streaming data from an RFID sensor network
    (MDPI AG, 2019-07-17) Souto, Gentza; Muralter, Florian ; Arjona Aguilera, Laura ; Landaluce, Hugo; Perallos Ruiz, Asier
    Currently, there is an increasing interest in the use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags which incorporate passive or battery-less sensors. These systems are known as computational RFID (CRFID). Several CRFID tags together with a reader set up an RFID sensor network. The reader powers up the tags’ microcontroller and their attached sensor using radio frequency waves, and tags backscatter, not only their EPC code but also the value of those sensors. The current standard for interrogating these CRFID tags is the EPC global Class 1 Generation 2 (EPC C1G2). When several tags are located inside the reader interrogation area, the EPC C1G2 results in very poor performance to obtain sensor data values. To solve this problem, a novel protocol called Sensor Frmed Slotted Aloha (sFSA) for streaming sensor data dealing with the tag collisions is presented. The proposed protocol increases the Sensor Read Rate (SRR), defined as the number of sensor data reads per second, compared to the standard. Additionally, this paper presents a prototype of an RFID sensor network to compare the proposed sFSA with the standard, increasing the SRR by more than five times on average. Additionally, the proposed protocol keeps a constant sensor sampling frequency for a suitable streaming of these tag sensors.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    A review of IoT sensing applications and challenges using RFID and wireless sensor networks
    (MDPI AG, 2020-04-20) Landaluce, Hugo; Arjona Aguilera, Laura; Perallos Ruiz, Asier; Falcone, Francisco; Angulo Martínez, Ignacio; Muralter, Florian
    Radio frequency identification (RFID) and wireless sensors networks (WSNs) are two fundamental pillars that enable the Internet of Things (IoT). RFID systems are able to identify and track devices, whilst WSNs cooperate to gather and provide information from interconnected sensors. This involves challenges, for example, in transforming RFID systems with identification capabilities into sensing and computational platforms, as well as considering them as architectures of wirelessly connected sensing tags. This, together with the latest advances in WSNs and with the integration of both technologies, has resulted in the opportunity to develop novel IoT applications. This paper presents a review of these two technologies and the obstacles and challenges that need to be overcome. Some of these challenges are the efficiency of the energy harvesting, communication interference, fault tolerance, higher capacities to handling data processing, cost feasibility, and an appropriate integration of these factors. Additionally, two emerging trends in IoT are reviewed: the combination of RFID and WSNs in order to exploit their advantages and complement their limitations, and wearable sensors, which enable new promising IoT applications.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Ventana de bits: procedimiento para reducir la latencia y el consumo energético de protocolos de anti-colisión RFID basados en queries y tags pasivos
    (Universidad de Deusto, 2014-06-24) Landaluce, Hugo; Perallos Ruiz, Asier; Facultad de Ingeniería; Ingeniería Informática y Telecomunicación
    La tecnología de identificación por radio frecuencia (RFID) se emplea para detectar el código almacenado en los tags empleando ondas de radio frecuencia. Asociando un tag a cada objeto, se le aporta una nueva funcionalidad que provee grandes beneficios en aplicaciones como trazabilidad y localización de objetos, control de acceso y además, se adapta muy bien al paradigma de computación ubicua o Internet de las cosas. RFID presenta una gran flexibilidad, permitiendo múltiples tags y lectores. Dado que el canal de transmisión de esta tecnología es el aire, cuando más de un tag transmiten al mismo tiempo, sus ondas de radio frecuencia interfieren, causando una modificación de los datos recibidos por el lector, y conformando el llamado problema de las colisiones de tag. Este es el principal causante del incremento de tiempo en la identificación de los tags y en el consumo energético del sistema. Para mitigar este problema, se han planteado los protocolos de anticolisión, una versión restringida de los protocolos de multi-acceso de la teoría de redes aplicados a RFID. De todas las versiones existentes en la literatura, se ha buscado un protocolo de baja complejidad que provea tags de bajo costo y se ha encontrado una oportunidad de mejora relacionada con el número de bits transmitidos por los tags, en los protocolos basados en queries. Para ello, se ha propuesto el diseño de un procedimiento que, aplicado a este tipo de protocolos, consiga disminuir el tiempo de identificación del conjunto de tags y el consumo empleado en el proceso, en caso de que los tags sean pasivos. Así, aplicando el procedimiento a dos protocolo de anti-colisión existentes se han diseñado tres nuevos protocolos, el QwT, el CwT y el CwT+. Con el objetivo de validar la hipótesis formulada, se ha desarrollado un banco de pruebas donde poder evaluar las características de los diseños aquí presentados y compararlos con algunos de los protocolos más recientes presentes en la literatura. De esta forma, se ha podido afirmar que el procedimiento diseñado, aplicable a protocolos basados en queries, produce mejoras en el tiempo de identificación y el consumo energetico.