Examinando por Autor "Khan, Anwar"

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    Ítem
    Energy and path-aware-reliable routing in underwater acoustic wireless sensor networks
    (Hindawi Limited, 2022-09-06) Ali, Munsif ; Khan, Anwar; Bertozzi, Massimo; Ullah, Ubaid; Altowaijri, Saleh M. ; Ali, Ihsan; Iqbal, Salman
    In underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs), energy awareness, best path selection, reliability, and scalability are among the key factors that decide information delivery to the sea surface. Existing protocols usually do not combine such performance-affecting factors in information routing. As a result, the performance of such protocols usually deteriorates if multiple performance factors are taken into account. To cope with such performance deterioration, this article proposes two routing protocols for UASNs: energy and path-aware reliable routing (EPRR) and cooperative EPRR (Co-EPRR). Compared with the counterpart systems, the proposed protocols have been designed to deal with the problem of long propagation delays and achieve network reliability. The EPRR scheme uses nodes' physical distance from the surface with its depth, which minimized the delay of packet transmission. The channel interaction time has been reduced, therefore, reducing unwanted channel effects on the data. Furthermore, the density of the nodes in the upper part of the network prevents data loss and limits the rapid death of the nodes. The second proposed scheme, Co-EPRR, uses the concept of routing information from the source to the destination on multiple paths. In Co-EPRR routing, the destination node can receive more than one copy of the data packet. This reduces unfavorable channel effects during data delivery. Both the schemes show good performance in terms of packet delivery ratio, received packet analysis, and end-to-end delay.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Towards mobile edge computing: taxonomy, challenges, applications and future realms
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2020-09-25) Qadir, Junaid; Sainz de Abajo, Beatriz; Khan, Anwar; García-Zapirain, Begoña; Torre Díez, Isabel de la; Mahmood, Hasan
    The realm of cloud computing has revolutionized access to cloud resources and their utilization and applications over the Internet. However, deploying cloud computing for delay critical applications and reducing the delay in access to the resources are challenging. The Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) paradigm is one of the effective solutions, which brings the cloud computing services to the proximity of the edge network and leverages the available resources. This paper presents a survey of the latest and state-of-The-Art algorithms, techniques, and concepts of MEC. The proposed work is unique in that the most novel algorithms are considered, which are not considered by the existing surveys. Moreover, the chosen novel literature of the existing researchers is classified in terms of performance metrics by describing the realms of promising performance and the regions where the margin of improvement exists for future investigation for the future researchers. This also eases the choice of a particular algorithm for a particular application. As compared to the existing surveys, the bibliometric overview is provided, which is further helpful for the researchers, engineers, and scientists for a thorough insight, application selection, and future consideration for improvement. In addition, applications related to the MEC platform are presented. Open research challenges, future directions, and lessons learned in area of the MEC are provided for further future investigation.