Examinando por Autor "Ibarrola Armendariz, Aitor"
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Ítem Alternative ways of challenging and resisting in richard rodriguez's darling: a spiritual autobiography(De Gruyter Open Ltd, 2017-12) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorThere are several reasons why essayist Richard Rodriguez could be classified as a 'minority' writer; namely, his Mexican-American roots, his Catholic faith, and his self-declared homosexuality. However, readers who expect his writings to display the kind of attitudes and features that are common in works by other 'minority' authors are bound to be disappointed. The meditations that Rodriguez offers are far from clearly dividing the world between oppressors and oppressed or dominant and subaltern. As he sees it, ethnic, religious, class or sexual categories and divisions present further complications than those immediately apparent to the eye. Does this mean that Rodriguez fails to resist and challenge the dynamics he observes between different social groups? Or that his observations are complaisant rather than subversive? Not necessarily, since his essays are always a tribute to the possibilities of disagreement and defiance. My analysis of his latest collection of essays, Darling: A Spiritual Autobiography (2013), maps out and dissects the writing strategies that Rodriguez employs to generate dialogical forms of inquiry and resistance regarding such up-to-date topics as religious clashes (and commonalities), Gay rights (in relation to other Human Rights) or how public spaces are being re-imagined in this global, digital era.Ítem Call and response: Richard Rodriguez casts new light on brown as a "Fruity Text" on identity politics(Universidad de Sevilla, 2012) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorChicano writer Richard Rodriguez has often been perceived as a strange fish in the field of minority literatures because he has repeatedly made a plea for individualism (in religious, sexual, ethnic, political and other affairs), instead of aligning with specific collectivities. Rodriguez’s latest work, Brown: The Last Discovery of America, makes evident that, rather than choosing to be entirely one or the other—the Chicano writer or the mainstream scholar, the gay or the Catholic—, he prefers the liminal state of being many things at once. This article offers both an analysis of the complex and quite often “fruity” metaphors that Rodriguez employs in this work to grapple with the difficult positions into which his diverse allegiances bring him, and a conversation with the author in which he briefly elaborates on the significance of some of those metaphors.Ítem El concepto de Pertenencia (Belonging) como marco analítico para la investigación sobre la juventud de origen inmigrante(Universidad de Deusto = Deustuko Unibertsitatea, Instituto de Derechos Humanos Pedro Arrupe, 2012) Maiztegui Oñate, Concepción; Aretxabala Santamaría, María Esther; Ibarrola Armendariz, Aitor; Oiarzabal, Pedro J.En este artículo presentamos un marco analítico basado en el concepto de pertenencia, que tiene en consideración las dimensiones personales, sociales y performativas del proceso de integración de la juventud inmigrante. Este concepto de pertenencia se perfila como uno de los principales ejes de la investigación actual ya que permite analizar tanto las experiencias subjetivas como el entorno social que afectan a la vida cotidiana y conforman el marco identitario de los jóvenes inmigrantes. Al tiempo que incorpora la dimensión participativa.Ítem Family secrets and narrative structure in Celeste Ng’s «Everything I Never Told You»(Asociación Española de Estudios Anglo-Norteamericanos. AEDEAN, 2021-12) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorCeleste Ng’s novel Everything I Never Told You (2014) has been said to combine some stock ingredients of literary thrillers with other less customary features that complicate its classification in that genre. Although we learn from page one that the protagonist of the novel, sixteen-year-old Lydia Lee, is dead, discovering who is behind the possible murder of this Chinese American girl proves to be one of the lesser mysteries in the story. While the reader remains intrigued by the forces/people that may have driven Lydia to her demise, other enigmas—related to the other members of the Lee family—keep cropping up and turn out to be closely linked to the protagonist’s fate. This article explores the secret-saturated structure of the novel, which moves back and forth between the Lees’ speculations about Lydia’s death, the impact that the event has on their lives and the protagonist’s own version of the story. Ng delves deep into the issues of gender, race and other types of otherness that spawn most of the secrets driving the story. Assisted by theories expounded by Frank Kermode, Derek Attridge and other scholars, the article highlights the centrality of family secrets as a structuring principle in Ng’s novel.Ítem Genre Reconsidered in Louise Erdrich’s The Round House(Universidad de Sevilla, 2016) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorThis article discusses the significant shift in terms of genre to be observed in Louise Erdrich‘s fourteenth novel, "The Round House" (2012).This novel, which explores the effects of a sexual assault on an Ojibwe reservation, can be seen to use narrative styles and generic conventions that are quite different from those found in Erdrich‘s earlier works.The article considers the possible reasons that could explain Erdrich‘s decision to hybridize different genres (coming-of-age, thriller, etc.) in The Round House and how that decision may have conditioned the reception of the novel among native and non-Indian readers alike. A number of socio-cultural and rhetorical theories of genre (Miller, Bitzer, Bakhtin) are used to discern the author‘s logic in opting for a specific blend of literary genres. The article concludes that Erdrich‘s generic choices are best understood in the light of the socio-political urgency and activism that the vulnerable situation of Native women on reservations demands.Ítem Inmigración e integración urbana: primeros resultados del proyecto GEITONIES generando tolerancia interétnica e integración local en espacios urbanos europeos(Asociación Española de Ciencia Política y de la Administración, 2012-08-03) Bartolomé Peral, Edurne; Maiztegui Oñate, Concepción; Ibarrola Armendariz, Aitor; Ruiz Vieytez, Eduardo JavierEsta nota de investigación presenta algunos resultados preliminares de la investigación internacional comparada Geitonies, que se ha realizado dentro del 7º Programa Marco de la Unión Europea entre los años 2008 y 2011. El equipo de Geitonies, palabra que significa barrio en griego, asumía que los espacios urbanos son vitales para la promoción de la tolerancia, la cohesión, la participación y la inclusión. En este contexto, la elección del barrio como unidad de análisis permitía introducir una nueva perspectiva a temas clásicos de investigación relacionados con las relaciones interétnicas y la cohesión social, así como reformular las preguntas de integración desde una perspectiva relacional. El trabajo empírico se llevó a cabo en 18 barrios de seis metrópolis europeas (Lisboa, Rotterdam, Bilbao, Tesalónica, Viena y Varsovia) como contexto para estudiar las representaciones, prácticas diarias y las interacciones entre los diversos grupos sociales y étnicos.Ítem "La noche de los niños" de Toni Morrison: un tema complejo con un tratamiento demasiado esquemático(Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Departamentos de Literatura y Lingüística, 2019-04) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorToni Morrison, en once novelas escritas a lo largo de más de cuatro décadas, ha abordado temas controvertidos como la influencia del pasado en el presente, el poder y los peligros de las comunidades pequeñas o las heridas que distintos tipos de maltrato dejan en cuerpos y mentes. Su última novela, La noche de los niños (2015), retoma algunos de esos temas, pero se centra en el maltrato de menores y el “colorismo” –el racismo interno que los afroamericanos muestran hacia aquellos de entre ellos que tienen piel más oscura. Lo novedoso de esta novela es que la acción transcurre en la California actual, donde las cifras de abuso y maltrato de menores –en especial de niños negros– son escalofriantes. El objetivo principal de este artículo es mostrar cómo, a pesar de la destreza y la audacia narrativa de Morrison –con constantes cambios de punto de vista y registros de lengua–, el lector llega a la conclusión de que el tema abordado en esta novela resulta demasiado complejo para ser explorado en un espacio tan limitado.Ítem A postmodern twist to the Western film tradition in The Ballad of Buster Scruggs by the Coen brothers(Universidad de La Laguna, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorAlthough the Coen brothers had already made films related to the Western genre, The Ballad of Buster Scruggs (2018) is a different venture, since they wrote the script of this anthology movie comprising six stories themselves. Besides delving into some of the themes that they have dealt with in their filmography–mortality, ethics, violence, justice, etc.–they also provide the film with a number of postmodern twists that hint at an effort to work through some of the problems posed by the mythology of the American West. The Ballad of Buster Scruggs contains the use of intertextuality across various art forms, a parodic treatment, and the inclusion of unusual perspectives that are all typical of postmodern aesthetics and politics of representationÍtem Privileged subject / observer of Cuban-American relations and migration dynamics: a conversation with Rubén G. Rumbaut(Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Estudios Norteamericanos Benjamin Franklin, 2017) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorÍtem Réditos potenciales de la participación de las familias inmigrantes en el centro escolar y posibles dificultades(Universitat Ramon Llull, Facultat de Psicologia i Ciències de l'Educació i de l'Esport Blanquerna, 2012-11-12) Maiztegui Oñate, Concepción; Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorEste artículo presenta algunos resultados relativos a las experiencias de participación de las familias inmigrantes en los centros escolares de Vizcaya. Los resultados son parte de un estudio más amplio titulado “Discriminación, identidades culturales y signos de exclusión social” que el equipo de investigación Retos Socioculturales y Derechos Humanos en un Mundo en Transformación de la Universidad de Deusto llevó a cabo entre los años 2007 y 2009. Este proyecto fue financiado por el plan de I+D del Gobierno Vasco, Departamento de Educación, Universidades e Investigación (HU2007-22). El estudio fue planteado como un diseño descriptivo-analítico que pretendía comprender e intentar explicar los procesos de participación en dos vertientes. Tanto desde el punto de vista de “participación de”, como usuarios de un servicio, y desde el enfoque de la “participación en”, esto es, las familias como corresponsables en los procesos de la institución educativa (Carrasco, Pàmies y Bertran, 2009). Se intentó realizar un “análisis intersubjetivo” que permitiese acceder a las experiencias y al mundo de significados, para conseguir incorporar la percepción y opiniones de los propios actores implicados en nuestra comprensión del fenómeno estudiado. Por este motivo, para la recogida de datos empleamos los grupos de discusión (4) con personas pertenecientes a los colectivos con mayor presencia en el ámbito de estudio.Ítem Sherman Alexie's "The toughest Indian in the world": amalgamating the oral and the written traditions(Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 2015-12-17) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorThis article argues that The Toughest Indian in the World (2000) by Native-American author Sherman Alexie combines elements of his tribal (oral) tradition with others coming from the Western (literary) short-story form. Like other Native writers —such as Momaday, Silko or Vizenor — , Alexie is seen to bring into his short fiction characteristics of his people's oral storytelling that make it much more dialogical and participatory. Among the author's narrative techniques reminiscent of the oral tradition, aggregative repetitions of patterned thoughts and strategically-placed indeterminacies play a major role in encouraging his readers to engage in intellectual and emotional exchanges with the stories. Assisted by the ideas of theorists such as Ong (1988), Evers and Toelken (2001), and Teuton (2008), this article shows how Alexie's short fiction is enriched and revitalized by the incorporation of oral elements. The essay also claims that new methods of analysis and assessment may be needed for this type of bicultural artistic forms. Despite the differences between the two modes of communication, Alexie succeeds in blending features and techniques from both traditions, thus creating a new hybrid short-story form that suitably conveys the trying experiences faced by his characters.Ítem Sherman Alexie’s Audacious Revamps of Native American Identity in The Toughest Indian in the World(Universidad de La Laguna, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2017) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorSherman Alexie’s collection of short stories The Toughest Indian in the World (2000) offers one of the sharpest and most touching renditions of the challenges faced by Native Americans in the new millennium. The reader soon realizes that Indians from different tribes are pigeonholed as representatives of a particular ethnic and/or social category, which reduces the complexity of their character and restricts their possibilities for meaningful transformation. Although the clashes are usually against white Americans, there are also instances in which their own people reject them or question their roots for various reasons. Alexie’s stories can be said to have a liberating power as they poke fun at the pseudo-scientific discourses that attempt to classify human groups into closed categories.Ítem “The Sin Eaters” by Sherman Alexie: a dystopian island in a mostly auspicious archipelago(Universidad de Valladolid, 2023-10-18) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorThe belated publication of Sherman Alexie’s story “The Sin Eaters” as part of the collection The Toughest Indian in the World(2000) is worthy of the interest of biographic-textual scholars for its singularity. Not only did the author delay its appearance due to the very sinister tone of the story, but he decided to include it at the very heartof a collection, which isvery different both stylistically and thematically. Paradoxically, however, the dystopian vision of the United States in the late 1950s offered by “The Sin Eaters” is an effective“counterweight” to the rest of the materials compiled in the collection. Assisted bythe ideas of experts in the field of dystopian fiction, the article analyzesthe story as an adequatecounter part and complement to the other, more promising, pictures offered in the volume.Ítem Some unexpected but conspicuous shortcomings in Toni Morrison’s last novel(Universidad de La Rioja, 2021-12-22) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorIn the last five decades, Toni Morrison’s fiction has covered such intricate topics as the impact of the past on the present, the damage produced on bodies and minds by different types of abuses, and the power and perils of small communities. She revisits some of those themes in her last novel, "God Help the Child" (2015), but this time zooms in more closely on the topics of child abuse and colorism – an internal racism of blacks against those with darker skin shades. "God Help the Child" proves innovative because the story is set in presentday fictional California, where the rate of child molestation – especially against black children – is just overwhelming. This article intends to show that, despite Morrison’s audacious narrative form and storytelling skills, there are some evident shortcomings in the structure and characterization of the novel that are not to be found in her earlier works.Ítem El trauma colectivo y el papel de la reparación en Louise Erdrich(Universidad de Los Lagos, 2023) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorTras ocurrir un accidente de caza en una reserva india de North Dakota, Louise Erdrich indaga en LaRose (2016) en temas tan espinosos como las injusticias históricas, el dolor colectivo, los traumas intergeneracionales, la venganza y los actos de reparación. La muerte de un niño nativo-americano despierta todo tipo de fantasmas y resentimiento en las dos familias implicadas, pero también en la comunidad india en su conjunto. Ni el sistema jurídico ni la religión parecen proporcionar respuestas adecuadas para aliviar el inmenso dolor producido por la tragedia. Este artículo demuestra cómo tan solo la tradición ojibwe de expiación y reparación de daños, así como la presencia del héroe de la novela, consiguen curar algunas de las heridas ocasionadas por el accidente y permiten que la comunidad recupere, al menos parcialmente, su armonía y equilibrio.Ítem Urban indians in the short fiction of Sherman Alexie.(Universidad de Sevilla, 2019) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorAlthough we still think of American Indians as riding horses, paddling canoes or hunting buffalo, the fact is that three out of four Native Americans now live in cities. The migration from the backwoods and reservations to the big metropolises began late in the 19th century, but only gained great momentum after World War II. While Sherman Alexie’s early fiction focused on the tribulations faced by American Indians on reservations, by the turn of the new millennium he was portraying the experiences of the Native diaspora in urban areas. In the two collections of short stories The Toughest Indian in the World (2000) and Ten Little Indians (2003), Alexie captures the more complex and unpredictable relationships that Native Americans build in diverse and fluid urban spaces. These new relationships are often marked by feelings of loss (of tribal bonds), alienation (from other human groups), nostalgia, ambition, and other psycho-social diseases. Helped by the ideas of experts such as James Clifford, Donald Fixico, Susan Lobo, and David Rice, this article explores the significant transformations and identity crises experienced by American Indians in urban contexts.Ítem What hidden attitudes do hurricanes unleash?: reconsidering gender, class, and racial issues in Zora Neale Hurston's "Their eyes were watching God"(Universidad de Valladolid, 2012) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorThe famous sentence that African-American novelist Zora Neale Hurston chose as a title for her novel comes up at a very critical moment of the story when, confronted with the “monstropolous beast” of a Caribbean hurricane, many of the key characters realize that social codes and norms begin to lose their weight and functionality. The author uses the example of the 1928 hurricane that struck the Everglades in Florida to illustrate all kinds of intriguing shifts in the human relations and social structures that had developed among different groups throughout the novel. Some scholars have argued that “questions of gender, class, and race rise in structural and figural importance in the latter part of the book, building toward, and away from, the hurricane” (Duplessis 1990). It is indeed undeniable that this natural disaster compels socio-racial collectivities and specific individuals to rethink their positions regarding others.