Examinando por Autor "Govillard Garmendia, Leila"

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    Cognitive behavioral therapy with and without biofeedback in fibromyalgia: assessment of functional and clinical change
    (SAGE Publications Inc., 2022-06-17) Govillard Garmendia, Leila ; Gorbeña, Susana; Iraurgi Castillo, Ioseba
    The study compared the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) with biofeedback or with emotional expression in individuals with fibromyalgia, and a waiting list control group. 88 women participated in a naturalistic study with random assignment. The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, SCL-90R, and a visual analog quality of life scale were used. Both intervention groups improved, but differed in physical and emotional control response. Using the reliable change index procedure, clinical improvement occurred in 18.8% of participants, and 4.8% achieved scores comparable with clinical recovery. Greater specificity on therapeutic objectives is warranted.
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    Design and evaluation of a positive intervention to cultivate mental health: preliminary findings
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021-02-24) Gorbeña, Susana; Govillard Garmendia, Leila ; Gómez Marroquín, Ignacio; Sarrionandia Vadillo, Sare; Macía Guerrero, Patricia ; Penas, Patricia; Iraurgi Castillo, Ioseba
    The past two decades have witnessed a proliferation of positive psychological interventions for clinical and non-clinical populations, and recent research, including meta-analyses, is providing evidence of its effectiveness. Most interventions have focused on increasing life satisfaction, positive affect, and psychological well-being. Manualized, multi-component interventions based on a comprehensive theory are scarce. Keyes’ concept of mental health and flourishing (subjective, psychological, and social well-being) is an overarching theoretical framework to guide the design of a multi-component psychological intervention to cultivate well-being and personal development. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design a theory-driven positive intervention and to pilot test the intervention. The manual presents an 8-week group program that includes homework activities. A sample of 56 young adults completed the intervention. Participants were assessed at base line, after termination, and at a 6-month follow-up session. Standardized instruments were used to assess the dimensions of mental health proposed by Keyes. Pre- and post-test measures of subjective, psychological, and social well-being showed significant differences, as did the total mental health scores. At 6-month follow-up, differences remained in subjective and psychological well-being and in positive mental health, with smaller effect sizes. Limitations of these preliminary findings as well as future lines of research and improvements in this manualized intervention are proposed in the light of current research on positive interventions.
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    The effects of an intervention to improve mental health during the COVID-19 quarantine: comparison with a COVID control group, and a pre-COVID intervention group
    (Routledge, 2022) Gorbeña, Susana; Gómez Marroquín, Ignacio; Govillard Garmendia, Leila; Sarrionandia Vadillo, Sare; Macía Guerrero, Patricia; Penas, Patricia; Iraurgi Castillo, Ioseba
    ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic has constituted an unprecedented challenge to society and science and it has provided an unexpected opportunity to explore the effects of a positive intervention in times of adversity and confinement. The goal was to evaluate the effects of a theory driven group intervention to cultivate mental health and flourishing. Design: A pre post design with three groups (151 individuals) was conducted, including an experimental group that received the intervention during the pandemic, a pre-COVID intervention group, and a COVID control group. Main Outcome Measures: Based on Keyes’ concept of positive mental health, measures of subjective, psychological and social well-being were obtained, as well as an indicator of psychological distress (GHQ12). Results: Intervention groups showed an increase in well-being and the COVID control group a decrease. Change scores revealed significant differences. Overall percentage of individuals at risk of ill health in baseline was 25.2%, but after the intervention, the COVID control group reached 64.1%. Conclusions: Despite the limitations, the present findings suggest that interventions to sustain and improve mental health in times of crisis and adversity can be an effective approach.
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    Gender differences in attitudes toward assisted reproduction in the spanish population: the weight of religiosity and conservatism
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-12-14) Aurrekoetxea Casaus, Maite; Ronda González, Lorena; Govillard Garmendia, Leila
    The continuous increase in assisted reproductive treatments (ARTs) has generated different ethical dilemmas in the scientific and academic debate. However, there are a few occasions when Spanish citizenship pronounces itself on this issue. It seems that the population has assumed ARTs without questioning despite being a subject crossed by gender mandates that make women the center of ART application. This study delves into the attitudes of the Spanish population toward assisted reproduction and the persistence of gender mandates in the choice of ARTs, beyond the apparent (almost fixed image of the) total acceptance of ARTs. A questionnaire was applied to a sample of 1,030 randomly selected people. Variables included attitudes toward the different possibilities of assisted reproduction, different approaches depending on whether infertility or sterility fell on the woman or the man and other scenarios related to genetic dilemmas. The mean difference test confirmed the high acceptance of ARTs by the Spanish population and revealed significant gender differences. Women accepted ARTs for infertility and genetic disorders, while men accepted ARTs for choosing a baby's sex. However, gender was not the only relevant variable in the conducted linear regression model; religiosity and political conservatism were also explanatory variables for the acceptance of ARTs. This study is a clear contribution to the debate on the impact of “medicalization” on women regarding assisted reproduction, showing the persistence of motherhood as a gender mandate.
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    Gut microbiome and serum metabolome analyses identify molecular biomarkers and altered glutamate metabolism in fibromyalgia
    (Elsevier B.V., 2019-08) Clos Garcia, Marc; Andrés Marín, N.; Fernández García de Eulate, Gorka; Abecia, Leticia; Lavín, José L.; Liempd, Sebastiaan van; Cabrera, Diana; Royo, Félix; Valero, Alejandro; Errazquin, Nerea; Gómez Vega, Cristina ; Govillard Garmendia, Leila; Tackett, Michael R.; Tejada, Genesis; Gónzalez, Esperanza; Anguita, Juan; Bujanda Fernández de Piérola, Luis; Callejo Orcasitas, Ana ; Aransay, Ana M.; Maíz Alonso, Olga; López de Munain Arregui, Adolfo; Falcon Pérez, Juan Manuel
    Background: Fibromyalgia is a complex, relatively unknown disease characterised by chronic, widespread musculoskeletal pain. The gut-brain axis connects the gut microbiome with the brain through the enteric nervous system (ENS); its disruption has been associated with psychiatric and gastrointestinal disorders. To gain an insight into the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia and identify diagnostic biomarkers, we combined different omics techniques to analyse microbiome and serum composition. Methods: We collected faeces and blood samples to study the microbiome, the serum metabolome and circulating cytokines and miRNAs from a cohort of 105 fibromyalgia patients and 54 age- and environment-matched healthy individuals. We sequenced the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rDNA gene from faeces samples. UPLC-MS metabolomics and custom multiplex cytokine and miRNA analysis (FirePlex™ technology) were used to examine sera samples. Finally, we combined the different data types to search for potential biomarkers. Results: We found that the diversity of bacteria is reduced in fibromyalgia patients. The abundance of the Bifidobacterium and Eubacterium genera (bacteria participating in the metabolism of neurotransmitters in the host) in these patients was significantly reduced. The serum metabolome analysis revealed altered levels of glutamate and serine, suggesting changes in neurotransmitter metabolism. The combined serum metabolomics and gut microbiome datasets showed a certain degree of correlation, reflecting the effect of the microbiome on metabolic activity. We also examined the microbiome and serum metabolites, cytokines and miRNAs as potential sources of molecular biomarkers of fibromyalgia. Conclusions: Our results show that the microbiome analysis provides more significant biomarkers than the other techniques employed in the work. Gut microbiome analysis combined with serum metabolomics can shed new light onto the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia. We provide a list of bacteria whose abundance changes in this disease and propose several molecules as potential biomarkers that can be used to evaluate the current diagnostic criteria.
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    A taxonomy of groups at risk based on reported and desired body mass index and its relationships with health
    (Routledge, 2021-08-25) Gorbeña, Susana ; Govillard Garmendia, Leila ; Iraurgi Castillo, Ioseba
    This study aimed to identify groups at risk based on reported and desired Body Mass Index (BMI) and their relationships with weight satisfaction, food intake and perceived health, and to analyze gender differences. A pre-experimental observational study was conducted. 3380 individuals (mean age 20.16; 64.4% females) participated in a survey in the context of a healthy university project. Participants anonymously completed the SF-12, reported height, weight, desired weight, satisfaction and quality of intake. Reported BMI (BMI-r) and Desired BMI (BMI-d) were calculated following WHO standards. Combining BMI-r and BMI-d four groups emerged: Favorable Concordance, FC (67.40% normal weight wanting to maintain it), Unfavorable Concordance, UC (9.19% non-normal weight wanting such unhealthy condition), Favorable Discrepancy, FD (13.92% unhealthy weight wanting to move in a healthy direction), and Unfavorable Discrepancy, UD (9.49% normal or non-normal weight desiring an unhealthy condition). FD individuals showed lower levels of self-perceived physical health, poorer perception of the quality of their intake, and less satisfaction with weight. Both UD and UC groups are at risk, showing the UD group the lowest scores in mental health and healthy food intake. Higher proportions of females were found in the UD group, and wanting to lose weight. These findings suggest that health treatment, prevention and promotion programs can benefit from a taxonomy that identifies not only people at risk but the direction and adjustment (i.e. healthy vs non healthy) of their intention to change. Programs could be targeted at different groups, with specific goals and interventions, and avoid the ‘one-fits-all’ to foster a healthy weight in the young adult university population.