Examinando por Autor "Chiaravalloti, Nancy"

Mostrando 1 - 2 de 2
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Integrative group-based cognitive rehabilitation efficacy in multiple sclerosis: a randomized clinical trial
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2018-01-16) Rilo Cano, Oiane; Peña Lasa, Javier; Ojeda del Pozo, Natalia; Rodríguez-Antigüedad Zarranz, Alfredo; Mendibe Bilbao, María del Mar ; Gómez Gastiasoro, Ainara; Deluca, John; Chiaravalloti, Nancy; Ibarretxe Bilbao, Naroa
    Purpose: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of the integrative group-based cognitive rehabilitation programme, REHACOP, on improving cognitive functions in multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Fourty-two MS patients were randomized to the treatment programme REHACOP (n = 21) or waiting list control condition (n = 21). The REHACOP group received cognitive rehabilitation in group format for three months focused on attention, processing speed, learning and memory, language, executive functioning, and social cognition. Patients completed a neuropsychological assessment at baseline and follow-up, which included tests of attention, processing speed, working memory, verbal memory, verbal fluency, and executive functioning. Repeated measures multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to determine the efficacy of the cognitive rehabilitation programme. Results: Group × Time interactions revealed significant improvements in the REHACOP group as compared with the control group for processing speed (p = 0.011, np 2 = 0.16), working memory (p = 0.014, np 2 = 0.15), verbal memory (p = 0.025, np 2 = 0.13), and executive functioning (p = 0.024, np 2 = 0.13), showing medium–large effect sizes. Conclusions: Patients receiving REHACOP showed improvements in several cognitive domains. This preliminary study thus provides evidence supporting the efficacy of this integrative group-based cognitive rehabilitation intervention in MS. Future research should confirm these findings, examine the impact of the treatment on everyday life functioning and explore the presence of brain changes associated with cognitive rehabilitation.Implications for rehabilitation This study provides initial evidence for integrative group-based cognitive rehabilitation efficacy in MS patients through the implementation of the REHACOP cognitive rehabilitation programme. Patients received cognitive rehabilitation for three months (3 one-hour-sessions per week) focused on training attention, learning and memory, language, executive functioning, and social cognition. Patients attending REHACOP sessions showed medium to large and statistically significant improvements in processing speed, working memory, verbal memory, and executive functioning.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    The source of the memory impairment in Parkinson's disease: acquisition versus retrieval
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2014) Chiaravalloti, Nancy ; Ibarretxe Bilbao, Naroa; Deluca, John ; Rusu, Olga; Peña Lasa, Javier ; García Gorostiaga, Inés; Ojeda del Pozo, Natalia
    Memory deficits are common in persons with Parkinson's disease (PD) even without the presence of a frank dementia. These memory deficits have traditionally been attributed to inability of patients to retrieve information from long-term memory, referred to as the "retrieval failure hypothesis." However, some studies additionally document problems in recognition memory, noted to be inconsistent with the retrieval failure hypothesis. Given the neuroanatomical abnormalities observed in the hippocampus of PD patients and the role of the hippocampus in learning new information, the current study was designed to specifically examine learning abilities in a nondemented PD sample through the application of a learning paradigm, the Open Trial Selective Reminding Test. We examined 27 patients with PD without dementia and 27 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) with a neuropsychological test battery designed to assess new learning and memory. Results indicated a significant difference between the groups in terms of their ability to learn a list of 10 semantically related words. However, once the groups were equated on learning abilities, no significant difference was noted between the PD and HC participants in recall or recognition of the newly learned material. The memory deficit observed in nondemented PD patients is thus largely the result of a deficit in learning new information. This finding should be used to guide treatment for memory deficits in persons with PD, and future research should seek to identify novel means of improving new learning in this population. © 2014 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.