Examinando por Autor "Ayesa Arriola, Rosa"

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    Exploring the relationship between deficits in social cognition and neurodegenerative dementia: a systematic review
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-04-27) Setién Suero, Esther; Murillo García, Nancy; Sevilla Ramos, Manuel; Abreu Fernández, Georgelina ; Pozueta Cantudo, Ana ; Ayesa Arriola, Rosa
    Neurodegenerative diseases might affect social cognition in various ways depending on their components (theory of mind, emotional processing, attribution bias, and social perception) and the subtype of dementia they cause. This review aims to explore this difference in cognitive function among individuals with different aetiologies of dementia. The following databases were explored: MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library, Lilacs, Web of Science, and PsycINFO. We selected studies examining social cognition in individuals with neurodegenerative diseases in which dementia was the primary symptom that was studied. The neurodegenerative diseases included Alzheimer’s disease, Lewy body disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. The search yielded 2,803 articles. One hundred twenty-two articles were included in the present review. The summarised results indicate that people with neurodegenerative diseases indeed have deficits in social cognitive performance. Both in populations with Alzheimer’s disease and in populations with frontotemporal dementia, we found that emotional processing was strongly affected. However, although theory of mind impairment could also be observed in the initial stages of frontotemporal dementia, in Alzheimer’s disease it was only appreciated when performing highly complex task or in advanced stages of the disease. Each type of dementia has a differential profile of social cognition deterioration. This review could provide a useful reference for clinicians to improve detection and diagnosis, which would undoubtedly guarantee better interventions.
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    Intelligence quotient changes over 10 years: diversity of cognitive profiles in first episode of psychosis and healthy controls
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023-04) Murillo García, Nancy; Ortiz García de la Foz, Víctor; Miguel-Corredera, Margarita; Vázquez Bourgon, Javier; Setién Suero, Esther ; Neergaard, Karl; Moya Higueras, Jorge; Crespo Facorro, Benedicto; Ayesa Arriola, Rosa
    Objective: This study aimed to analyse whether intelligence quotient (IQ) improves, declines, or remains stable over 10 years among FEP patients and healthy subjects. Methods: A group of FEP patients enrolled in a Program of First Episode Psychosis in Spain called PAFIP, and a sample of Healthy Controls (HC) completed the same neuropsychological battery at baseline and approximately 10 years later, which included the WAIS vocabulary subtest to estimate premorbid IQ and 10-year IQ. Cluster analysis was performed separately in the patient group and the HC group to determine their profiles of intellectual change. Results: One hundred and thirty-seven FEP patients were grouped into five clusters: “Improved low IQ” (9.49 % of patients), “Improved average IQ” (14.6 %), “Preserved low IQ” (17.52 %), “Preserved average IQ” (43.06 %), and “Preserved high IQ” (15.33 %). Ninety HC were grouped into three clusters: “Preserved low IQ” (32.22 % of the HC), “Preserved average IQ” (44.44 %), and “Preserved high IQ” (23.33 %). The first two clusters of FEP patients, characterized by a low IQ, earlier age at illness onset, and lower educational attainment, showed a substantial cognitive improvement. The remaining clusters demonstrated cognitive stability. Conclusions: The FEP patients showed intellectual improvement or stability, but no decline post-onset of psychosis. However, their profiles of intellectual change are more heterogeneous than that of HC over 10 years. Particularly, there is a subgroup of FEP patients with a significant potential for long-term cognitive enhancement.
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    Overlap between genetic variants associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and intelligence quotient: a systematic review
    (Canadian Medical Association, 2022-09-06) Murillo García, Nancy; Barrio Martínez, Sara; Setién Suero, Esther; Soler García, Jordi; Papiol Miró, Sergi; Fatjó-Vilas, Mar; Ayesa Arriola, Rosa
    To study whether there is genetic overlap underlying the risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) and low intelligence quotient (IQ), we reviewed and summarized the evidence on genetic variants associated with both traits. We performed this review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and preregistered it in PROSPERO. We searched the Medline databases via PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science and Scopus. We included studies in adults with a diagnosis of SSD that explored genetic variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs], copy number variants [CNVs], genomic insertions or genomic deletions), estimated IQ and studied the relationship between genetic variability and both traits (SSD and IQ). We synthesized the results and assessed risk of bias using the Quality of Genetic Association Studies (Q-Genie) tool. Fifty-five studies met the inclusion criteria (45 case–control, 9 cross-sectional, 1 cohort), of which 55% reported significant associations for genetic variants involved in IQ and SSD. The SNPs more frequently explored through candidate gene studies were in COMT, DTNBP1, BDNF and TCF4. Through genome-wide association studies, 2 SNPs in CHD7 and GATAD2A were associated with IQ in patients with SSD. The studies on CNVs suggested significant associations between structural variants and low IQ in patients with SSD. Overall, primary studies used heterogeneous IQ measurement tools and had small samples. Grey literature was not screened. Genetic overlap between SSD and IQ supports the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia. Most of the risk polymorphisms identified were in genes relevant to brain development, neural proliferation and differentiation, and synaptic plasticity.
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    Understanding the influence of personality traits on risk of suicidal behaviour in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a systematic review
    (MDPI, 2021-10-08) Canal Rivero, Manuel; Ayesa Arriola, Rosa; Setién Suero, Esther; Crespo Facorro, Benedicto; Arango López, Celso; Dutta, Rina; López Moríñigo, Javier David
    Risk of suicidal behaviour (SB) in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) is a major concern, particularly in early stages of the illness, when suicide accounts for a high number of premature deaths. Although some risk factors for SB in SSD are well understood, the extent to which personality traits may affect this risk remains unclear, which may have implications for prevention. We conducted a systematic review of previous studies indexed in MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase examining the relationship between personality traits and SB in samples of patients with SSD. Seven studies fulfilled predetermined selection criteria. Harm avoidance, passive-dependent, schizoid and schizotypal personality traits increased the risk of SB, while self-directedness, cooperativeness, excluding persistence and self-transcendence acted as protective factors. Although only seven studies were retrieved from three major databases after applying predetermined selection criteria, we found some evidence to support that personality issues may contribute to SB in patients with SSD. Personality traits may therefore become part of routine suicide risk assessment and interventions targeting these personality-related factors may contribute to prevention of SB in SSD.